Questions and Answers
Which of the following are characteristics of Echinodermata? (Select all that apply)
What are ossicles?
Calcareous plates that make up an Echinoderm's internal skeleton.
Who is in the phylum Echinodermata?
Sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers.
What does the word Echinoderm mean?
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How are the five classes of Echinoderms primarily distinguished?
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What are dermal gills?
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What are pedicellariae?
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What is a madreporite?
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What is an ambulacral groove?
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What is an ambulacral ridge?
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What organisms belong to class Asteroidea?
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What are the characteristics of spines in class Asteroidea?
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What can you see in the oral view of a sea star?
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What can you see in the aboral view of a sea star?
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What type of symmetry does the bipinnaria larval stage of a starfish demonstrate?
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Who is in class Ophiuroidea?
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Who is in class Crinoidea?
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Who is in class Echinoidea?
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What is a test?
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What is Aristotle's lantern?
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Is the sea urchin's test pentaradially symmetrical?
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What does pentaradially symmetrical mean?
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Who is in class Holothuroidea?
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What is evisceration in sea cucumbers?
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What do some sea cucumbers do in response to stress?
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What is the water vascular system?
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Study Notes
Characteristics of Echinodermata
- Echinoderms are classified as deuterostomes, exhibiting unique developmental patterns.
- Adults feature radial symmetry, with a five-part body plan.
- Internal skeletons are composed of calcareous ossicles.
- A water vascular system facilitates movement through tube feet.
- Notable for regeneration abilities, all members are exclusively marine.
Ossicles
- Ossicles are calcareous plates forming the internal skeleton of echinoderms, providing structural support.
Phylum Members
- Common members of Echinodermata include sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers.
Etymology
- The term "Echinoderm" derives from Greek, with "echino" meaning spiny and "derm" meaning skin.
Classification of Echinoderms
- The five classes of echinoderms are distinguished by the arrangement of their ossicles.
Dermal Gills
- Dermal gills are small projections that assist in respiration and excretion through diffusion.
Pedicellariae
- Tiny pincers called pedicellariae maintain the body surface cleanliness by removing debris.
Madreporite
- The madreporite is an opening that filters water into the echinoderms' water vascular system.
Ambulacral Structures
- An ambulacral groove is a channel on the oral side where tube feet extend.
- The ambulacral ridge lies at the top of the groove, harboring the radial canals.
Class Specifics
- Class Asteroidea includes sea stars, characterized by small, blunt spines.
- In oral view, sea stars display tube feet, arms, spines, mouth, and ambulacral groove.
- Aboral view shows arms, anus, spines, central disk, and madreporite.
Larval Symmetry
- The bipinnaria larval stage of sea stars exhibits bilateral symmetry.
Other Classes
- Class Ophiuroidea consists of brittle stars.
- Class Crinoidea includes sea lilies and feather stars.
- Class Echinoidea comprises sea urchins and sand dollars.
- The test in echinoids is a solid structure formed by fused ossicles.
Noteworthy Structures
- Aristotle's lantern refers to sea urchins' oral apparatus for grazing; it consists of five ossified plates.
- The sea urchin's test exhibits pentaradial symmetry characteristic of adult echinoderms.
Class Holothuroidea
- Sea cucumbers belong to this class and have unique adaptations.
Evisceration
- Evisceration is a defense mechanism in sea cucumbers involving the forceful expulsion of internal organs.
Water Vascular System
- This system comprises canals filled with a watery fluid, enabling tentacle and tube foot movement.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the unique features of Echinodermata through this engaging quiz. Explore the defining characteristics, structures like ossicles, and the members of this fascinating phylum. Perfect for students and enthusiasts alike!
