EC-6 Certification Exam Study Guide

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Questions and Answers

Which step might the teacher consider to help the students understand the meanings of the stories in graphic novels?

Have a discussion about novels

Teach students to use visual cues (correct)

Give more graphic novels

Reduce the number of novels

What question should Mrs. Firebaugh pose to guide students' interpretation of visual images?

Given what you see and what you know about the image, what is the creator trying to express?

What should Jordan do to prepare a composition for a class assignment?

Mix the blueberries into your muffin batter.

Which instructional strategy would most benefit the student struggling with words such as 'though' and 'been'?

Practice high-frequency words with irregular spellings Signup and view all the answers

To best promote literacy development at home, what should the teacher encourage parents to do?

Read leveled books daily until the student reads them fluently. Signup and view all the answers

What should the classroom teacher have Micah do next after a slow reading rate and decoding struggles?

Practice using context to decode unknown words. Signup and view all the answers

What geometry concept does the activity with the triangle peg board promote?

Area Signup and view all the answers

How might the teacher show that the triangle is equivalent to half a square?

Create a reflection of the triangle along its longest side. Signup and view all the answers

What is the greatest benefit of providing elementary students with mathematical tools such as geoboards?

They provide visual representations that promote conceptual understanding. Signup and view all the answers

Which expression calculates the area enclosed by the rubber band on the triangle peg board?

Bh/2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the sum of the fractions 2/9 + 1/4 + 1/6?

23/36 Signup and view all the answers

Cuisenaire rods are most effectively used to teach which mathematical concepts?

Sorting and ordering Signup and view all the answers

What method could students use to efficiently solve the total cost of zoo tickets for Joelle and her friends?

Multiply five times eight, then multiply seven times two, then add the two products together. Signup and view all the answers

What would be the next step for the teacher in the lesson series on two-digit addition?

Model adding two-digit numbers by drawing base ten blocks to show the steps. Signup and view all the answers

Which common tools would be best to demonstrate fractions in the classroom?

Ruler, clock, counter Signup and view all the answers

What is the multiplicative inverse of 0.5?

2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would not be an important indicator towards learning place value in the base ten number system?

Adding by ones Signup and view all the answers

What algorithm could Miss Anderson be using to teach long division?

First divide, then multiply, then subtract, bring down the next digit and repeat these steps. Signup and view all the answers

What is the solution, if any, to the expression: 1 to the nth power?

1 Signup and view all the answers

The paragraph-building activity designed by Mr. Batista is likely to promote students' reading development primarily by helping students to?

transfer skills from oral language to written language Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes one important way in which this activity is likely to benefit English language learners?

discussing and writing about a content-area topic supports English language learners' reading of related texts by reinforcing key vocabulary, language structures, and schemata. Signup and view all the answers

How many phonemes are in the word 'watch'?

3 Signup and view all the answers

How many syllables are in the word 'individual'?

5 Signup and view all the answers

Of the following words, which one has four phonemes?

little Signup and view all the answers

Which end-result will the spelling analysis activity likely assist Mrs. Clarinton measure for her students?

Phonics skills Signup and view all the answers

What activity can help first-grade students recognize the sound made by the letter /b/?

have students clap once every time they hear the sound of the letter 'b' in a story the teacher reads to them. Signup and view all the answers

Which activity would a teacher most likely recommend to help students improve basic phonemic awareness skills?

play rhyming and sound games Signup and view all the answers

This assessment would be an appropriate way to test the student's ability to perform which phonemic awareness task?

recognizing how many phonemes are contained in a word. Signup and view all the answers

What further assessment would you suggest a teacher give to pinpoint the nature of the students' difficulties with blending sounds?

an informal assessment of the students' phonemic awareness. Signup and view all the answers

In which area would students most likely benefit from explicit instruction based on their difficulty with blending sounds?

blending strategies Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of the writing step of the lesson described is to?

associate the letter name, sound, and shape Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would a kindergarten teacher most likely introduce first in letter-sound correspondences?

single consonants and short vowels. Signup and view all the answers

Why are sight words likely difficult for English language learners?

they are irregular words which are difficult to decode using graphophonemic knowledge. Signup and view all the answers

What reading skill does the student Jill most clearly demonstrate with her comment about play on a swing?

using graphophonic cues to help analyze and decode an unfamiliar word. Signup and view all the answers

What teacher response to a student's question would best encourage the use of semantic and syntactic cues to verify the word?

now try reading the sentence again and see whether swing makes sense. Signup and view all the answers

Which teacher prompt would likely elicit helpful information about the student's use of word-identification strategies?

tell me how you figured out that the word was swing. Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'E' in the author's purpose acronym 'P.I.E.' stand for?

Entertain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following text features is most appropriate for reviewing prior to the writing assignment?

organization of procedural text Signup and view all the answers

What is typically not learned during the emergent literacy stage?

recognition of an increasing number of sight words. Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is most likely to foster print awareness among preschoolers?

the teacher models one-to-one match by pointing words in the lyrics while singing a popular song that the entire class knows. Signup and view all the answers

Which words would a fourth-grade ESL teacher want to focus on teaching as sight words?

through, light, said, there Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate assignment for learning spelling words when using a dictionary?

divide the word into syllables. Signup and view all the answers

For which word would structural analysis be especially appropriate to determine its meaning?

impassable Signup and view all the answers

In helping students select books they can read on their own, what should Mrs. Swanson aim for?

have 5 or less word recognition errors per 100 words of text. Signup and view all the answers

What would be Mrs. Swanson's best approach to determine her students' independent reading level?

administer an informal reading inventory to each student. Signup and view all the answers

What could best help a third-grade student struggling in reading and focusing too much on decoding?

working on fluency skills Signup and view all the answers

Which activity would be least effective in improving reading fluency?

the teacher might have the students race each other to see who can read a passage the quickest. Signup and view all the answers

Creating a word web is likely to promote students' ability to retain and use information by?

helping students learn to use categories to organize their thinking about the topic. Signup and view all the answers

How could Ms. Hollister best help students make use of the concept web developed by the class?

add continuously to the web as they encounter and organize new information in their reading. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of connection did the student make when she related the main character to her brother while reading?

text-to-self connection Signup and view all the answers

How would using Venn diagrams help a teacher assess a student's comprehension?

organize textual information by analyzing similarities and differences. Signup and view all the answers

What strategy will best facilitate ELLs' involvement in class discussions?

distributing the ELL students in mixed groupings of other students for discussion of cultural references. Signup and view all the answers

How does the knowledge rating chart likely increase vocabulary among students?

evaluate one's understanding of words and to monitor their vocabulary growth. Signup and view all the answers

How might a teacher best promote students' understanding of vocabulary through structural analysis?

the teacher analyzes the prefixed words and word derivations. Signup and view all the answers

What might the teacher have the students do next with the vocabulary words?

predict meanings of the words prior to reading. Signup and view all the answers

Which strategies provides language support for ELLs during classroom instruction? (Select all that apply)

Visuals which illustrate complex concepts. Signup and view all the answers

What is the teacher's goal when using synonyms to define general vocabulary?

use student background knowledge to learn new words. Signup and view all the answers

How would a reading buddy activity improve students' comprehension skills?

it would improve students' engagement with the text and increase their comprehension. Signup and view all the answers

Which additional activity should Mr. Lathan implement to improve his students' speaking ability?

partners take turns describing to each other what they have learned from their reading and their discussion of the text. Signup and view all the answers

What might a fifth-grade teacher consider for a research project? (Select all that apply)

Review web literacy skills with students. Signup and view all the answers

What method best promotes student learning when planning mini-lessons on internet navigation?

having students practice with a peer so they can share information about navigation strategies. Signup and view all the answers

What should a teacher show a student to help him remember useful locations found on the internet?

showing the student how to set bookmarks to enable him to return easily to useful locations. Signup and view all the answers

How would online 'author chats' promote research skills?

understand the value of using electronic resources to contact experts who can supply relevant information. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

subordinating conjunction = although predicate adjective = intelligent conjunctive adverb = indeed indefinite pronoun = anything Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parts of speech with their examples:

preposition = for noun = monday adjective = football adverb = yesterday Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences contains an error?

he knows that each of the students need a book, pencil and paper Signup and view all the answers

After having a student place the alphabet on the arc correctly, what informal assessment strategy would be effective?

the student attempts to make words with the same rimes but different onsets (tap, cap, rap) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phrases contains a mistake in capitalization?

the north pole. Signup and view all the answers

In which skills will a fifth-grade student benefit from instruction based on their summary of 'Number the Stars'?

providing a beginning, middle, and end. Signup and view all the answers

Which writing activity would be least appropriate for a second-grade teacher?

writing a persuasive essay. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a writing strategy used in the classroom to encourage students to write without interruption?

freewriting Signup and view all the answers

What kind of errors will spell check identify for Mr. Brogna's students?

errors with orthography. Signup and view all the answers

Which is not a recognized technique used during prewriting?

anticipatory set. Signup and view all the answers

How does reviewing drafts and final versions promote written language development?

illustrating students' writing progress and reinforcing their understanding of the writing process. Signup and view all the answers

After reading a book aloud, what might a teacher do to evaluate the roles of the author and illustrator?

the teacher will ask the class what the author and illustrator do in the book. Signup and view all the answers

What media might a student use to powerfully present research on WWII and demonstrate the Holocaust's sorrows?

the student will share photos of Holocaust survivors. Signup and view all the answers

What activity requires students to select, organize, and produce visuals for social studies vocabulary?

the students use safe internet sites to find and draw visuals for each landform. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Reading Development

Activities that promote transferring skills from oral to written language enhance students’ reading development.
Discussing and writing in content areas aids English language learners by reinforcing key vocabulary and language structures.

Phonemic Awareness

Phoneme counts: "watch" has 3, "play" has 3, "see" has 2, and "knight" has 3.
Syllable counts: "individual" has 5, "crocodile" has 3, "disturbances" has 4, and "correctness" has 3.
Phonemic awareness skills can be measured by recognizing sounds, such as asking students to identify the sound of the letter /b/.

Spelling and Phonics

Spelling activities help teachers assess phonics skills, crucial for first graders struggling with word pronunciation.
Students with difficulty in blending sounds often need explicit instruction in blending strategies.

Letter-Sound Correspondence

Introduction of letter-sound correspondence should prioritize single consonants and short vowels for beginners.
Writing letters while stating names and sounds helps students associate letters with shapes and sounds.

Sight Words and Vocabulary

Sight words are challenging for English language learners due to their irregular spelling, making them hard to decode phonemically.
Incorporating synonyms during lessons aids vocabulary acquisition by leveraging student background knowledge.

Comprehension Strategies

Engaging students in discussions about texts, such as having reading buddies, promotes comprehension through summarization and questioning.
Using visual aids and cooperative learning activities supports English language learners and enhances understanding of complex concepts.

Research and Internet Skills

Students should use resources effectively during research projects by employing skills like bookmarking for easy access later.
Teaching navigation strategies in mini-lessons allows students to practice collaboratively and enhances their research skills.

Writing Development

Activities like freewriting help students write continuously without interrupting their thought process.
Regularly reviewing drafts alongside final versions assists in understanding the writing process and illustrates progress.

Analyzing Visual Texts

When analyzing visual media, prompting students to interpret creators' intentions enhances observation and comprehension skills.
Teaching students to identify and utilize visual cues in graphic novels can improve their understanding of text features and narratives.

High-Frequency Words

Instruction on high-frequency words with irregular spellings is vital for students facing difficulties with specific difficult words.

Parent Collaboration

Involving parents in literacy development supports both reading progress and monitoring effectiveness in a child's learning journey.

Literacy Development

Encourage daily reading of leveled books until fluency is achieved for optimal literacy growth.