Questions and Answers
What does ecological systems theory emphasize?
What are the five levels of Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory?
Microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem
What is the microsystem?
What kind of relationships are found in a microsystem?
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What does the mesosystem represent?
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Give an example of a mesosystem interaction.
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What is an exosystem?
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Can you provide an example of an exosystem?
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What does the macrosystem encompass?
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How can the macrosystem affect a person's development?
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What dimension does the chronosystem represent?
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Provide an example of chronosystem influence.
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Study Notes
Ecological Systems Theory
- Developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner, emphasizing the influence of surrounding environments on individual development.
- Divides the environment into five levels: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem.
Microsystem
- Closest system to the individual with direct contact; includes home, school, daycare, or work.
- Contains family, peers, and caregivers; relationships are bi-directional.
- Most influential level; individual’s reactions impact relationships within the microsystem.
Mesosystem
- Comprises interactions between different components of the microsystem.
- Highlights interconnectedness of individual microsystems and their influence on one another.
- Example: Active parental involvement in school positively impacts a child’s development.
Exosystem
- Involves settings where the individual is not an active participant, yet still influences them.
- Decisions made in external contexts (e.g., a parent's job changes) can affect individual outcomes.
- Example: Child experiences changes due to a parent's promotion or job loss.
Macrosystem
- Encompasses the broader cultural environment impacting an individual’s development.
- Includes economy, cultural values, and political systems; can have positive or negative effects.
- Example: Contrast in development experiences between children in third-world economies versus those in the U.S.
Chronosystem
- Represents the dimension of time in relation to development.
- Timing of significant events can influence individual experiences; adult loss can affect youth differently depending on age.
- Historical contexts (e.g., Great Depression or World War II) shape development through socio-economic conditions and cultural shifts.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory of Development through flashcards. Learn how various environmental systems influence a person's development, including the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem. This quiz is ideal for students studying developmental psychology.