32 Questions
What is the family classification of Marburg and Ebola viruses?
Filoviridae
Which of the following accurately describes the structure of filoviruses?
Filamentous, enveloped, negative-strand RNA viruses
What event in 2014 led to a significant increase in awareness of the Ebola virus?
Release of the movie Outbreak
Which West African countries were most affected by the 2014 epidemic of Ebola?
Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea
What was the initial symptom experienced by the scientist on day 4?
Sudden violent shivering
When were more convalescent serum and rehydration treatment administered to the patient?
Day 6
What was the primary method used to detect the virus in the patient's blood?
Microscopic analysis
What was crucial in limiting the extent of disease progression for the scientist?
Interferon therapy and convalescent serum
What is the primary receptor for Ebola virus entry into cells?
Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1)
Which cells does the Ebola virus replicate in during infection?
Endothelial cells, monocytes, and macrophages
What type of storm is elicited by replication of Ebola virus in macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells?
Proinflammatory cytokine storm
Which organs in the body are most affected by Ebola virus infection?
Liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and lungs
What happens in patients infected with strains of Ebola virus that lack the hemorrhagic component of the disease?
Edema and shock
How was Marburg virus infection first detected?
Among laboratory workers in Marburg, Germany
Where was the Ebola virus named after?
A river in the Democratic Republic of Congo
How lethal is the Ebola virus during an outbreak?
It can eliminate the entire susceptible population before spreading
Where are these viruses believed to be endemic before spreading to humans?
In bats or wild monkeys
Who is at risk of contracting filovirus infections according to the text?
Health care workers, funeral workers, and monkey handlers
What type of therapy has been attempted on patients with filovirus infections according to the text?
Antibody-containing serum, ZMAPP, interferon, and ribavirin therapies
What precautions are necessary when handling specimens from patients suspected of having filovirus infection?
Extreme care to prevent accidental infection
Which type of vaccine was used during the 2018 outbreak of Ebola in the Democratic Republic of Congo?
rVSV-ZEBOV
Where does Borna Disease Virus (BDV) primarily replicate within the cell?
Nucleus
What are the proteins encoded by the genome of Borna Disease Virus (BDV)?
Polymerase, Nucleoprotein, Phosphoprotein
What is believed to play a role in controlling Borna Disease Virus (BDV) infections?
T-cell immune responses
In what type of cells does Borna Disease Virus (BDV) establish a persistent infection?
Brain cells
What is the primary route of transmission of Borna Disease Virus (BDV) to humans?
Direct contact with infected animals
What diagnostic method can be used to detect Borna Disease Virus (BDV) infection by analyzing peripheral blood mononuclear cells?
RT-PCR analysis
What is the recommended treatment for Borna Disease Virus (BDV) infections?
Ribavirin
What symptoms did the scientist describe following a needle-stick accident handling animal liver infected with Ebola virus?
Fatigue, anorexia, and abdominal pain
What treatment did the scientist receive after his temperature initially dropped post-sweating on day 4?
Convalescent serum
What key organ is most heavily affected by Borna Disease Virus (BDV)?
Central nervous system
What mental health condition has been associated with infection by Borna Disease Virus (BDV)?
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Explore the handling procedures for viruses, infected individuals, and contaminated materials in a level 4 isolation setting during the Ebola outbreak. Learn about the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine used in the 2018 Democratic Republic of Congo outbreak and the ring vaccination strategy employed to prevent the spread of Ebola.
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