Ebola Outbreak and Vaccines
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Questions and Answers

What is the family classification of Marburg and Ebola viruses?

  • Flaviviridae
  • Rhabdoviridae
  • Filoviridae (correct)
  • Orthomyxoviridae

Which of the following accurately describes the structure of filoviruses?

  • Single-stranded DNA genome
  • Double-stranded RNA genome
  • Enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses
  • Filamentous, enveloped, negative-strand RNA viruses (correct)

What event in 2014 led to a significant increase in awareness of the Ebola virus?

  • Outbreak in Zaire
  • Release of the movie Outbreak (correct)
  • Release of the book The Hot Zone
  • Outbreak in Gabon

Which West African countries were most affected by the 2014 epidemic of Ebola?

<p>Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial symptom experienced by the scientist on day 4?

<p>Sudden violent shivering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When were more convalescent serum and rehydration treatment administered to the patient?

<p>Day 6 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary method used to detect the virus in the patient's blood?

<p>Microscopic analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was crucial in limiting the extent of disease progression for the scientist?

<p>Interferon therapy and convalescent serum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary receptor for Ebola virus entry into cells?

<p>Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells does the Ebola virus replicate in during infection?

<p>Endothelial cells, monocytes, and macrophages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of storm is elicited by replication of Ebola virus in macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells?

<p>Proinflammatory cytokine storm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organs in the body are most affected by Ebola virus infection?

<p>Liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and lungs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in patients infected with strains of Ebola virus that lack the hemorrhagic component of the disease?

<p>Edema and shock (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How was Marburg virus infection first detected?

<p>Among laboratory workers in Marburg, Germany (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where was the Ebola virus named after?

<p>A river in the Democratic Republic of Congo (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How lethal is the Ebola virus during an outbreak?

<p>It can eliminate the entire susceptible population before spreading (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are these viruses believed to be endemic before spreading to humans?

<p>In bats or wild monkeys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is at risk of contracting filovirus infections according to the text?

<p>Health care workers, funeral workers, and monkey handlers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of therapy has been attempted on patients with filovirus infections according to the text?

<p>Antibody-containing serum, ZMAPP, interferon, and ribavirin therapies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What precautions are necessary when handling specimens from patients suspected of having filovirus infection?

<p>Extreme care to prevent accidental infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine was used during the 2018 outbreak of Ebola in the Democratic Republic of Congo?

<p>rVSV-ZEBOV (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does Borna Disease Virus (BDV) primarily replicate within the cell?

<p>Nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the proteins encoded by the genome of Borna Disease Virus (BDV)?

<p>Polymerase, Nucleoprotein, Phosphoprotein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is believed to play a role in controlling Borna Disease Virus (BDV) infections?

<p>T-cell immune responses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what type of cells does Borna Disease Virus (BDV) establish a persistent infection?

<p>Brain cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route of transmission of Borna Disease Virus (BDV) to humans?

<p>Direct contact with infected animals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic method can be used to detect Borna Disease Virus (BDV) infection by analyzing peripheral blood mononuclear cells?

<p>RT-PCR analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for Borna Disease Virus (BDV) infections?

<p>Ribavirin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptoms did the scientist describe following a needle-stick accident handling animal liver infected with Ebola virus?

<p>Fatigue, anorexia, and abdominal pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What treatment did the scientist receive after his temperature initially dropped post-sweating on day 4?

<p>Convalescent serum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key organ is most heavily affected by Borna Disease Virus (BDV)?

<p>Central nervous system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mental health condition has been associated with infection by Borna Disease Virus (BDV)?

<p>Neurodevelopmental disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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