Ebola Outbreak and Vaccines
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Questions and Answers

What is the family classification of Marburg and Ebola viruses?

  • Flaviviridae
  • Rhabdoviridae
  • Filoviridae (correct)
  • Orthomyxoviridae

    • Which of the following accurately describes the structure of filoviruses?

  • Single-stranded DNA genome
  • Double-stranded RNA genome
  • Enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses
  • Filamentous, enveloped, negative-strand RNA viruses (correct)

    • What event in 2014 led to a significant increase in awareness of the Ebola virus?

  • Outbreak in Zaire
  • Release of the movie Outbreak (correct)
  • Release of the book The Hot Zone
  • Outbreak in Gabon

    • Which West African countries were most affected by the 2014 epidemic of Ebola?

    <p>Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the initial symptom experienced by the scientist on day 4?

    <p>Sudden violent shivering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When were more convalescent serum and rehydration treatment administered to the patient?

    <p>Day 6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary method used to detect the virus in the patient's blood?

    <p>Microscopic analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was crucial in limiting the extent of disease progression for the scientist?

    <p>Interferon therapy and convalescent serum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary receptor for Ebola virus entry into cells?

    <p>Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells does the Ebola virus replicate in during infection?

    <p>Endothelial cells, monocytes, and macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of storm is elicited by replication of Ebola virus in macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells?

    <p>Proinflammatory cytokine storm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organs in the body are most affected by Ebola virus infection?

    <p>Liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in patients infected with strains of Ebola virus that lack the hemorrhagic component of the disease?

    <p>Edema and shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How was Marburg virus infection first detected?

    <p>Among laboratory workers in Marburg, Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where was the Ebola virus named after?

    <p>A river in the Democratic Republic of Congo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How lethal is the Ebola virus during an outbreak?

    <p>It can eliminate the entire susceptible population before spreading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are these viruses believed to be endemic before spreading to humans?

    <p>In bats or wild monkeys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is at risk of contracting filovirus infections according to the text?

    <p>Health care workers, funeral workers, and monkey handlers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of therapy has been attempted on patients with filovirus infections according to the text?

    <p>Antibody-containing serum, ZMAPP, interferon, and ribavirin therapies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What precautions are necessary when handling specimens from patients suspected of having filovirus infection?

    <p>Extreme care to prevent accidental infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of vaccine was used during the 2018 outbreak of Ebola in the Democratic Republic of Congo?

    <p>rVSV-ZEBOV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does Borna Disease Virus (BDV) primarily replicate within the cell?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the proteins encoded by the genome of Borna Disease Virus (BDV)?

    <p>Polymerase, Nucleoprotein, Phosphoprotein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is believed to play a role in controlling Borna Disease Virus (BDV) infections?

    <p>T-cell immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of cells does Borna Disease Virus (BDV) establish a persistent infection?

    <p>Brain cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of transmission of Borna Disease Virus (BDV) to humans?

    <p>Direct contact with infected animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic method can be used to detect Borna Disease Virus (BDV) infection by analyzing peripheral blood mononuclear cells?

    <p>RT-PCR analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for Borna Disease Virus (BDV) infections?

    <p>Ribavirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptoms did the scientist describe following a needle-stick accident handling animal liver infected with Ebola virus?

    <p>Fatigue, anorexia, and abdominal pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment did the scientist receive after his temperature initially dropped post-sweating on day 4?

    <p>Convalescent serum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key organ is most heavily affected by Borna Disease Virus (BDV)?

    <p>Central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mental health condition has been associated with infection by Borna Disease Virus (BDV)?

    <p>Neurodevelopmental disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

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