Ebola and Marburg Virus Overview

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Questions and Answers

Where is Charles Monet from?

France

Why do Charles Monet and his lady friend travel into Kitum Cave?

They were on vacation for New Year's, exploring Mt. Elgon.

Why do elephants travel into Kitum Cave?

To obtain minerals and salts.

What is the name of the doctor who treats Monet?

Dr. Shem Musoke Signup and view all the answers

What is listed as Monet's official cause of death?

Fulminating liver failure Signup and view all the answers

What are red eyes often a sign of?

Malaria Signup and view all the answers

Where does Dr. David Silverstein live?

Nairobi Signup and view all the answers

Where did the first identified victims of Marburg work?

The Behring Works vaccine company Signup and view all the answers

What is the fatality rate of Marburg?

1 in 4 Signup and view all the answers

What does the word 'filovirus' mean in Latin?

Thread virus Signup and view all the answers

Where are the Sese Islands?

Lake Victoria Signup and view all the answers

Why are the villagers of Kasensero famous?

For being smugglers Signup and view all the answers

What state is Nancy Jaax from?

Kansas Signup and view all the answers

How many children does Nancy Jaax have?

2 Signup and view all the answers

Which fort are Nancy and Jerry assigned to in the Army?

Ft. Detrick Signup and view all the answers

What pet lives with Nancy and her family?

'Herky', the Amazon Parrot Signup and view all the answers

What sport does Nancy participate in?

Martial arts Signup and view all the answers

Where did Jerry and Nancy meet?

Veterinary school at KSU Signup and view all the answers

What does USAMRIID stand for?

United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases Signup and view all the answers

How many biocontainment levels are in USAMRIID?

4 Signup and view all the answers

Why can't Nancy work in level 3?

She couldn't tolerate the vaccines Signup and view all the answers

What is Ebola named after?

The Ebola River Signup and view all the answers

What is the fatality rate of Ebola?

9/10 (90%) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first line of defense against a hot agent?

Sticky tape Signup and view all the answers

What are the classic signs of Ebola in all primates?

Mask-like face, red eyes, bloody nose Signup and view all the answers

What is a hatbox?

A bio-hazard container used for transporting infectious waste Signup and view all the answers

What are viruses made of?

DNA/RNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic code of Ebola?

A single strand of RNA Signup and view all the answers

What is a rongeur used for?

Opening skulls Signup and view all the answers

Who was the index case of Ebola Sudan?

Yu G Signup and view all the answers

What is the fatality rate of Ebola Sudan?

50% Signup and view all the answers

What did the staff do at the hospital in Maridi that ended the outbreak of Ebola Sudan?

Ran into the bush Signup and view all the answers

Where did the initial outbreak of Ebola Zaire begin?

The Bumba Zone Signup and view all the answers

Who worked in the Yambuku Mission Hospital?

Belgian nuns Signup and view all the answers

Who is the strain of Ebola Zaire in the U.S. Army's freezers named after?

Nurse Mayinga Signup and view all the answers

Who picked up the sample of Peter Cardinal's blood in Washington, D.C.?

Eugene Johnson Signup and view all the answers

Where did Peter Cardinal's parents live?

Kisumu Signup and view all the answers

Who was Peter Cardinal's doctor at the Nairobi Hospital?

Dr. David Silverstein Signup and view all the answers

What disease did Peter Cardinal die from?

Marburg Signup and view all the answers

Where does Dr. Peter Tukei work?

The Kenya Medical Research Institute in Nairobi Signup and view all the answers

Where had Peter Cardinal and Monet both been before they got sick?

Kitum Cave Signup and view all the answers

What kind of animal lived on the roof of Peter Cardinal's house?

Rock hyrax Signup and view all the answers

Who did Cardinal spend most of his time with while on vacation?

His sister Signup and view all the answers

Why did Cardinal want to go to Kitum Cave?

To collect crystals Signup and view all the answers

Where was the headquarters of Gene Johnson's Kitum Cave expedition?

The Mt. Elgon Lodge Signup and view all the answers

What color is a Racal suit?

Orange Signup and view all the answers

When Nancy and Jerry Jaax get promotions, where do they end up working?

The Institute Signup and view all the answers

What major metropolitan area is Reston, VA closest to?

Washington, D.C. Signup and view all the answers

How many monkeys are imported into the U.S. each year for medical research?

About 16,000 Signup and view all the answers

What is a nickname for crab-eating monkeys?

Kras Signup and view all the answers

Who is the colony manager at the Reston Monkey House?

Bill Volt Signup and view all the answers

Where are most of the monkeys who die located?

Room F Signup and view all the answers

What disease does Dan Dalgard think the dead monkeys contracted?

SHF Signup and view all the answers

Who does Dan Dalgard contact at USAMRIID?

Peter Jahrling Signup and view all the answers

What is in the samples that Dalgard sends to USAMRIID?

Monkey spleen, throat wash, and blood serum Signup and view all the answers

Who cultures the sample from monkey o53?

Joan Rhoderick Signup and view all the answers

What is on Peter Jahrling's license plate?

LASSA Signup and view all the answers

What is Jahrling's tentative diagnosis of what is happening to the monkeys?

SHF Signup and view all the answers

Where are all of the monkeys euthanized?

Room F Signup and view all the answers

What is Tom Geisbert's job at the Institute?

Operating the electron microscope Signup and view all the answers

How big is a typical virus flask?

The size of a human thumb Signup and view all the answers

What level of biolab are Tom and Peter examining the sample in?

3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic smell of pseudomonas?

Welch's grape juice Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to put a sample 'in the beam'?

To look at it through the electron microscope Signup and view all the answers

What is the first symptom after being exposed to a filovirus?

Headache Signup and view all the answers

Where did the Jaaxes spend Thanksgiving?

Kansas Signup and view all the answers

What is wrong with Nancy's father?

He has cancer Signup and view all the answers

Why does Nancy's father want to go to Mexico?

To find a cure for cancer involving peach pits Signup and view all the answers

Where does Dalgard spend Thanksgiving?

Pittsburgh Signup and view all the answers

How many new monkeys die at the monkey house over Thanksgiving?

5 Signup and view all the answers

Where are the latest monkeys to die being kept?

Room H Signup and view all the answers

About how many cells does each slice of the sample Tom Geisbert makes with the diamond knife contain?

10,000 Signup and view all the answers

What is on the brush that Tom Geisbert uses to fish out the sample slices?

A human eyelash Signup and view all the answers

What does Tom Geisbert think has infected his cells after looking at them through the electron microscope?

Marburg Signup and view all the answers

What are inclusion bodies?

Crystal-like blocks of pure virus Signup and view all the answers

What are bricks?

A virus ready to hatch Signup and view all the answers

What does Tom Geisbert realize the 'pepper' is that he sees in the cells?

Inclusion bodies Signup and view all the answers

Why does Jahrling originally think the samples are NOT Marburg?

The strands were longer than Marburg Signup and view all the answers

What is Colonel C.J. Peters' official title at USAMRIID?

Chief Signup and view all the answers

When Peters travels to exotic locales, what does he enjoy doing?

Eating like the locals Signup and view all the answers

What other disease does Peters suggest Jahrling test the sample for?

Ebola Signup and view all the answers

Who is another prime candidate that the scientists fear might break with Marburg?

Dan Dalgard Signup and view all the answers

What do people who have been confined to the Slammer receive when they get out?

A cake Signup and view all the answers

Where are Tom Geisbert's children staying?

With his parents Signup and view all the answers

What does Jahrling tell Dalgard is definitely present in the monkey house?

SHF Signup and view all the answers

Who is the first person Dalgard calls after talking to Peter Jahrling?

Bill Voltz Signup and view all the answers

What is the Boniface strain a test for?

Ebola Sudan Signup and view all the answers

Where does Jahrling go to view the samples of monkey virus?

A storage closet Signup and view all the answers

What did Peter Jahrling ultimately realize had infected the monkeys?

Ebola Zaire Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Characters and Locations

Charles Monet is from France and traveled to Kitum Cave for a New Year's vacation with a friend, exploring Mt. Elgon.
Dr. Shem Musoke treated Monet for his illness.
Dr. David Silverstein resides in Nairobi and was involved in caring for patients during outbreaks.
Nancy Jaax hails from Kansas, is a mom of two, and practices martial arts; she met her husband Jerry at veterinary school.
Kitum Cave, mentioned multiple times, is notable for attracting elephants seeking minerals.

Diseases and Medical Research

Marburg virus has a fatality rate of 25%, while Ebola has a much higher rate of 90%.
The term "filovirus" translates to "thread virus" in Latin.
The Ebola river lends its name to the Ebola virus.
USAMRIID stands for United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, which operates at four biocontainment levels.

Virology and Symptoms

Viruses are composed of DNA or RNA, with the genetic code of Ebola being a single strand of RNA.
Key symptoms of Ebola include a mask-like face, red eyes, and a bloody nose.
The first symptom of exposure to a filovirus is a headache.
Tom Geisbert identifies inclusion bodies, collections of virus within cells, which indicate viral infection.

Investigations and Findings

The staff at Maridi hospital ended an Ebola Sudan outbreak by fleeing into the bush.
Peter Cardinal’s doctor was David Silverstein; Cardinal died from Marburg after both he and Monet had visited Kitum Cave.
Cardinal's parents were in Kisumu, and he initially aimed to collect crystals from Kitum Cave.
After examining monkey samples linked to an outbreak, Jahrling tentatively diagnosed the situation as SHF (simian hemorrhagic fever) before identifying it as Ebola Zaire.

Key Events and Context

Nancy and Jerry Jaax were promoted to work at the Institute after spending Thanksgiving in Kansas, where Nancy's father sought alternative cancer treatment in Mexico.
Following a monkey death crisis, approximately 16,000 monkeys are imported annually to the U.S. for medical research.
Bill Volt is the colony manager at the Reston Monkey House where the mysterious monkey deaths occurred.
Daniel Dalgard, involved in monkey research, reached out to USAMRIID for guidance after observing unusual monkey deaths.

Miscellaneous

"Herky", an Amazon Parrot, is a family pet of the Jaaxes.
A Racal suit—orange in color—is used for protection against hazardous agents.
A hatbox is a bio-hazard container for infectious waste transport.
Each slice made by Geisbert’s diamond knife contains roughly 10,000 cells.

Communication and Decisions

Colonel C.J. Peters is the chief at USAMRIID and enjoys local cuisines during travel.
Yearly, 5 new monkeys died during Thanksgiving weekend at the monkey house, impacting the ongoing investigations.
The Boniface strain is used to test for Ebola Sudan, while other diseases are also tested to rule out possibilities.

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Description

This quiz explores key concepts related to the Ebola and Marburg viruses, including notable characters in their research and case studies. It covers symptoms, fatality rates, and the significance of Kitum Cave in viral outbreaks. Test your knowledge on these critical topics related to infectious diseases.