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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is an example of an endogenous injury?
Which of the following is an example of an endogenous injury?
What is the primary factor influencing the development of genetic disorders?
What is the primary factor influencing the development of genetic disorders?
Which of the following is an example of a phenocopy?
Which of the following is an example of a phenocopy?
What is the relationship between genes and environment in disease aetiology?
What is the relationship between genes and environment in disease aetiology?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of an endogenous cause of cell injury?
Which of the following is NOT an example of an endogenous cause of cell injury?
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What is the classification of cell injury that results from internal defects or abnormalities?
What is the classification of cell injury that results from internal defects or abnormalities?
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What can be a primary influence on a person's resistance to Ebola?
What can be a primary influence on a person's resistance to Ebola?
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Which of the following is an exogenous cause of cell injury?
Which of the following is an exogenous cause of cell injury?
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What is the relationship between nature and nurture in the context of disease causation?
What is the relationship between nature and nurture in the context of disease causation?
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How can genes influence a person's response to the environment?
How can genes influence a person's response to the environment?
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Which of the following is NOT an endogenous cause of cell injury?
Which of the following is NOT an endogenous cause of cell injury?
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What is the term for the combination of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to disease causation?
What is the term for the combination of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to disease causation?
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Which of the following is an example of a nurture factor that can influence disease causation?
Which of the following is an example of a nurture factor that can influence disease causation?
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What is the primary influence on a person's susceptibility to Ebola?
What is the primary influence on a person's susceptibility to Ebola?
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What is the primary reason for mental retardation in a child born to a mother with phenylketonuria?
What is the primary reason for mental retardation in a child born to a mother with phenylketonuria?
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What type of injury is ageing considered to be?
What type of injury is ageing considered to be?
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Which of the following is NOT a learning outcome related to genetic disorders?
Which of the following is NOT a learning outcome related to genetic disorders?
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What is the term used to describe the interaction between genes and environment in disease aetiology?
What is the term used to describe the interaction between genes and environment in disease aetiology?
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What is the term used to describe the process by which cells become unable to divide and grow?
What is the term used to describe the process by which cells become unable to divide and grow?
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What is the term used to describe the shortening of telomeres, which can lead to cellular ageing?
What is the term used to describe the shortening of telomeres, which can lead to cellular ageing?
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What is the term used to describe the process by which cells die as a result of programmed cell death?
What is the term used to describe the process by which cells die as a result of programmed cell death?
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What is the term used to describe the response of cells to stressful stimuli, such as heat shock or oxidative stress?
What is the term used to describe the response of cells to stressful stimuli, such as heat shock or oxidative stress?
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Study Notes
Classifications of Cell Injury
- Cell injury can be classified as physical, genetic, chemical, microbiological, immunological, nutritional, and ageing
- Environmental factors can influence a person's resistance to disease through genetic and exogenous factors
- The cause of disease is multifactorial and often includes both endogenous and exogenous injury
Interaction between Genes and Environment
- Genes can influence how a person responds to the environment
- Environmental factors can act via genes to cause disease
- Genetic composition can influence environmental reactivity
Endogenous Injury
- Endogenous injury is primarily genetic but can still be influenced by exogenous factors
- Examples of endogenous injury include genetic disorders such as phenylketonuria (PKU)
- Ageing is also an example of endogenous injury
Exogenous Injury
- Exogenous injury is caused by external factors
- Examples of exogenous injury include phenocopy, which is a condition that mimics a genetic disorder but is caused by environmental factors
- Phenocopy can be caused by a restricted diet, such as in the case of PKU
Genetic Disorders
- Major chromosomal abnormalities are a type of genetic disorder
- Minor chromosomal abnormalities, such as PKU, are also a type of genetic disorder
- PKU can be treated with a restricted diet
Ageing
- Ageing is a type of endogenous injury that damages cells at a cellular level
- Features of ageing include telomere shortening, senescence, and premature ageing
- Factors that affect ageing include Hayflick limit, features of senescence, and premature ageing
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Description
This quiz explores the environmental and genetic influences on a person's resistance to Ebola, including the role of nurture and nutrition.
