27 Questions
What is the estimated number of Americans with a diagnosable eating disorder?
Approximately 5 million
Which BMI range corresponds to 'severely obese' for men?
35 - 40
What are some of the situational cues for unhealthy eating mentioned in the text?
Seeking comfort during crisis/loneliness, avoiding negative feelings, reward
What are some of the risk factors for eating disorders mentioned in the text?
Gender, race or ethnicity, childhood eating and gastrointestinal problems, negative body image and self-evaluation
What is the prevalence of binge-eating disorder?
1-3%
What is a common symptom of binge eating?
Fear of loss of control over eating
What is a common feeling associated with binge eating?
Feelings of disgust
When does the onset of binge-eating disorder typically occur?
Late adolescence or early adulthood
What coping mechanism is mentioned as being more likely for women with eating disorders?
Using food to deal with stress
What is the relationship between binge eating and stress response?
Binge eating serves as an escape from aversive self-awareness or an attempt to elevate mood
What is the classification of obesity on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)?
Not classified
What is the majority gender affected by binge-eating disorder?
Women
What is the prevalence of binge-eating disorder in women compared to men?
1.5 times higher
What is the common response to stress for restrained and emotional eaters?
Overeating
What is the heritability of binge eating, as mentioned in the text?
0.5
What is the relationship between increased cortisol levels and fat accumulation?
Increased cortisol levels can produce insulin resistance and promote visceral fat accumulation
What are the primary symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
Rapid weight loss, preoccupation with body shape and weight, excessive exercise
What is the prevalence of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) in females compared to males?
Ten times higher in females than males
What are the two types of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
Restricted type, without purging, and binge-eating/purging type, with purging activities
What traits are associated with Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
Obsessive and perfectionist traits, low self-esteem, dysregulation in the HPA-axis
What happens to hunger cues in anorectic individuals?
They can ignore hunger cues
What is the most commonly diagnosed comorbid disorder with Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
Major depression
When does Bulimia Nervosa (BN) typically onset?
Late adolescence or early adulthood
What can activate the HPA-axis in Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
Stress and physiological stimuli
What may be insufficient to significantly alter HPA activity in Bulimia Nervosa (BN) patients?
Psychological and behavioral disturbances
What has stress been associated with in the onset of Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
The onset of BN
How are total calories eaten for symptomatic BN subjects affected by stressors?
Not significantly altered by stressors compared to healthy women
Study Notes
Eating Disorders: Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa
- Anorexia Nervosa (AN) symptoms include rapid weight loss, preoccupation with body shape and weight, and excessive exercise.
- AN primarily affects adolescent women and has a ten times higher prevalence in females than males.
- Two types of AN are restricted type, without purging, and binge-eating/purging type, with purging activities.
- Obsessive and perfectionist traits, low self-esteem, and dysregulation in the HPA-axis are associated with AN.
- Anorectic individuals can ignore hunger cues, and stress may lead to hypersecretion of CHR, a potent anorexic agent.
- Bulimia Nervosa (BN) symptoms include binge eating, self-induced vomiting, and abuse of laxatives or diet pills.
- BN onset is in late adolescence or early adulthood, with a ten times higher prevalence in females than males.
- BN is often comorbid with other disorders, with major depression being the most commonly diagnosed comorbid disorder.
- Stress and physiological stimuli can activate the HPA-axis in BN, leading to increased cortisol secretion.
- Psychological and behavioral disturbances in BN patients may be insufficient to significantly alter HPA activity.
- Stress has been associated with the onset of BN, and stressors do not significantly alter the consumption of women with bulimic symptoms relative to healthy women.
- Total calories eaten for symptomatic BN subjects were not significantly altered by stressors compared to healthy women.
Test your knowledge of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa with this quiz. Learn about the symptoms, prevalence, and associated factors of these eating disorders. Gain insights into the psychological and physiological aspects of anorexia and bulimia.
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