Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of studying and dissecting an earthworm?
to help us understand other organisms
To what phylum do earthworms belong?
Annelida
What is their species name?
Lubricous
What is a coelom?
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What is a hermaphrodite?
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What do earthworms eat?
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How can you tell the dorsal side from the ventral side?
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What are the setae used for?
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Where is the clitellum and what is its use?
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What is the purpose of the excretory openings?
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The mouth leads to what structure?
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Why is the esophagus hidden in the drawing and on the real earthworm?
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After the esophagus, food passes through what three structures?
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Undigested particles are eliminated through the:
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The ventral nerve cord consists of a chain of:
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What is the purpose of the nephridium?
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Where are they located?
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What is the purpose of the seminal vesicles?
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Where are they located?
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Where are the seminal receptacles located?
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What part of the digestive system would you see in a cross-section anterior to the gizzard?
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What structure in the earthworm has a similar function as the human heart?
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What do earthworms exchange during mating?
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Study Notes
Earthworm Dissection Overview
- Studying and dissecting earthworms enhances understanding of various organisms.
- Earthworms belong to the phylum Annelida, characterized by segmented bodies.
Scientific Classification
- Earthworm's species name is Lubricous, indicating its specific classification within the Annelida phylum.
Anatomy and Physiology
- A coelom is defined as a fluid-filled cavity that provides space for the internal organs.
- Earthworms are hermaphrodites, possessing both male and female reproductive capabilities, producing sperm and eggs.
Feeding and Digestion
- Earthworms primarily consume organic particles in soil; they are classified as herbivores.
- Distinguishing between dorsal and ventral sides: dorsal is darker in coloration.
- Setae are bristle-like structures used for anchoring and movement through soil.
Reproductive Structures
- The clitellum is located at the anterior end and is essential during the mating process.
- Seminal vesicles are found above the esophagus and are where sperm maturation occurs.
- Seminal receptacles are situated in segments 9 and 10, playing a role in reproduction.
Excretion and Waste Management
- Excretory openings serve the purpose of expelling waste from the body.
- Digestion process: after the mouth, food travels to the pharynx, followed by the esophagus, which is obscured by the circulatory system.
- Food continues through the crop, gizzard, and intestine, with undigested particles eliminated via the anus.
Nervous and Circulatory Systems
- The ventral nerve cord is composed of a chain of ganglia and three pairs of nerves in each segment, coordinating movement and response.
- Nephridia function to collect and excrete waste, located on the left and right sides of the intestinal tract.
Circulatory Function
- The aortic arches mimic the function of the human heart by pumping blood through dorsal and ventral vessels.
Mating Process
- During mating, earthworms join at the clitellum to exchange sperm, later releasing an egg cocoon from which baby worms will emerge.
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Description
This quiz consists of flashcards designed to enhance your understanding of earthworm anatomy and biology. It covers essential terms and concepts related to the study of earthworms, including their classification and reproductive characteristics. Ideal for students learning about these vital organisms in biology.
