2. The Earth
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Questions and Answers

What primarily causes a compass to point north?

  • The Earth's magnetic field (correct)
  • Cosmic rays
  • Van Allen radiation belts
  • Solar wind

    • What is the primary composition of Earth's atmosphere?

  • Carbon dioxide (78%) and nitrogen (21%)
  • Oxygen (78%) and nitrogen (21%)
  • Oxygen (78%) and carbon dioxide (21%)
  • Nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%) (correct)

    • What creates the aurora (northern lights) near the poles?

  • Particles flowing down to poles generating the aurora (correct)
  • Cosmic rays
  • Solar wind
  • Van Allen radiation belts

    • What is the region protected by the Earth's magnetic field called?

    <p>Magnetosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the Earth's water is freshwater?

    <p>Less than 1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two elements make up 90% of the Earth's solid mass?

    <p>Oxygen and silicon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average depth of the sea floor?

    <p>4 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average elevation of the land?

    <p>0.8 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary between the crust and mantle called?

    <p>Moho</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the Earth is solid and produces the magnetic field?

    <p>Inner core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rock is basalt?

    <p>Grey, dense igneous rock with tiny crystals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the Earth known as plastic flow?

    <p>Asthenosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What protects the Earth from electrically charged particles of the solar wind?

    <p>Magnetosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two most common gases found in the Earth’s atmosphere?

    <p>Nitrogen and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the thinnest layer of the Earth?

    <p>Continental crust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the Earth is its hottest?

    <p>Core</p> Signup and view all the answers

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