2. The Earth
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Questions and Answers

What primarily causes a compass to point north?

  • The Earth's magnetic field (correct)
  • Cosmic rays
  • Van Allen radiation belts
  • Solar wind

What is the primary composition of Earth's atmosphere?

  • Carbon dioxide (78%) and nitrogen (21%)
  • Oxygen (78%) and nitrogen (21%)
  • Oxygen (78%) and carbon dioxide (21%)
  • Nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%) (correct)

What creates the aurora (northern lights) near the poles?

  • Particles flowing down to poles generating the aurora (correct)
  • Cosmic rays
  • Solar wind
  • Van Allen radiation belts

What is the region protected by the Earth's magnetic field called?

<p>Magnetosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the Earth's water is freshwater?

<p>Less than 1% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two elements make up 90% of the Earth's solid mass?

<p>Oxygen and silicon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average depth of the sea floor?

<p>4 km (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average elevation of the land?

<p>0.8 km (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary between the crust and mantle called?

<p>Moho (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the Earth is solid and produces the magnetic field?

<p>Inner core (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is basalt?

<p>Grey, dense igneous rock with tiny crystals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the layer of the Earth known as plastic flow?

<p>Asthenosphere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protects the Earth from electrically charged particles of the solar wind?

<p>Magnetosphere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two most common gases found in the Earth’s atmosphere?

<p>Nitrogen and oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the thinnest layer of the Earth?

<p>Continental crust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the Earth is its hottest?

<p>Core (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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