Earthquake Safety Plan Quiz

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What causes ground ruptures to form during earthquakes?

Earthquake generated faults may propagate to the surface.

What are the 5 primary fault zones mentioned in the text?

West Panay Fault, West Valley Fault Line, East Valley Fault Line, Surigao Fault Line, Bangui Fault.

How are seismic waves generated during an earthquake?

Energy is released in seismic waves that travel from the earthquake's starting point.

What are the types of faults mentioned in the text?

Normal Fault, Reverse Fault, Strike-slip Fault. Signup and view all the answers

How is ground shaking measured during an earthquake?

In terms of velocity, acceleration, frequency, content of the shaking, and duration. Signup and view all the answers

What instrument is used to measure earthquakes?

Seismograph. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between earthquake intensity and earthquake magnitude?

Intensity describes the severity of an earthquake's effects on the earth's surface and humans, while magnitude characterizes the relative size of an earthquake. Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary effects of an earthquake?

Ground rupture, ground shaking, landslide, tsunami, and liquefaction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of damage during an earthquake?

Ground shaking. Signup and view all the answers

What are some important items to prepare before an earthquake?

Fire extinguisher, first-aid kit, battery-powered radio, flashlight, and extra batteries. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do after an earthquake?

Check yourself or others for injuries, check water, gas, electricity, turn on the radio, and stay out of damaged buildings. Signup and view all the answers

What can significantly modify ground accelerations during an earthquake?

Soil conditions. Signup and view all the answers

Define hazard exposure and vulnerability dimensions in disaster readiness and risk reduction.

Hazard exposure refers to the potential threat posed by natural or man-made hazards, while vulnerability dimensions refer to the factors that make individuals or communities more susceptible to the impacts of these hazards. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two categories of hazards mentioned in the text? Provide examples for each.

The two categories are natural hazards (e.g., tsunami, earthquake) and man-made hazards (e.g., physical damages, socioeconomic internal damages). Signup and view all the answers

Explain the impacts of disasters mentioned in the text.

The impacts include medical effects, damage to critical facilities, disruption of transformation, economic impact, global environmental change, and social and political impact. Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of hazard characteristics according to the text?

The hazard characteristics are classified into essential facilities, industrial and high potential loss facilities, facilities containing hazardous materials, transportation lifeliness, and utility lifeliness. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the term 'risk' as mentioned in the text.

Risk refers to the probability that exposure to a hazard will lead to negative results or unwanted events. Signup and view all the answers

What is the etymology of the term 'disaster' according to the text?

The term 'disaster' comes from 'des' meaning bad and 'astre' meaning star, indicating an unwanted event or potential problem. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main causes of a tsunami?

Volcanic eruption or explosion, landslide, meteorite impact Signup and view all the answers

How can an earthquake cause a tsunami?

Shallow focus earthquake displaces a large volume of oceanic crust which in turn displaces water Signup and view all the answers

What are some effects of a tsunami?

Destruction, death, disease, environmental impacts Signup and view all the answers

What is liquefaction and when does it occur?

The process by which saturated, unconsolidated soil or sand turns into a suspension during an earthquake Signup and view all the answers

What are some recommended ways to escape a tsunami?

Abandon belongings, head for high ground, climb to upper floor or roof, climb a tree, grab onto something that floats Signup and view all the answers

What was the magnitude range of the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004?

9.1 - 9.3 Signup and view all the answers

How does liquefaction occur?

During an earthquake, the shaking rearranges sand particles, increasing pressure between grains. Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of liquefaction?

Flow Failures, Lateral Spread, Ground Oscillation, Loss of Bearing Strength, Settlement Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of liquefaction?

Flooding, ground failures, and damage Signup and view all the answers

What are the areas prone to liquefaction?

Areas layered by loose, well-spotted, water-saturated sand with the water table close to the surface Signup and view all the answers

What are the causes of landslides?

Removal of support, Groundwater Pressure, Volcanic Eruption, Intense Rainfall, Snowmelt, Human Intervention, Earthquakes Signup and view all the answers

What are some factors affecting slope stability?

Intact Rock Strength, Mass Weathering Grade, Spacing of Joints, Width and Continuity of Joints, Water Flow Signup and view all the answers