Earth and Life Science - Genetic Engineering

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Questions and Answers

What term describes organisms that have DNA transferred from a different species?

  • Genetically modified organisms
  • Transgenic organisms (correct)
  • Hybrid organisms
  • Mutated organisms

Which process involves mating animals with desired traits to produce offspring with those traits?

  • Cloning
  • Selective breeding (correct)
  • Hybridization
  • Gene editing

What is the process of creating an exact genetic copy of an organism called?

  • Cloning (correct)
  • Gene splicing
  • Artificial selection
  • Transgenics

What technique involves the propagation of organisms with desirable traits?

<p>Selective breeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves cutting DNA from one organism and inserting it into another organism?

<p>Gene splicing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology combines DNA molecules from two different species?

<p>Recombinant DNA technology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a DNA molecule that can replicate independently?

<p>Plasmid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool helps in carrying and integrating a desired gene into a new organism?

<p>Plasmid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of selective breeding?

<p>To produce offspring with desirable traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of hybridization in genetics?

<p>It aims to produce offspring with the best traits of both parents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of restriction enzymes in recombinant DNA technology?

<p>To splice, connect, and manipulate DNA sequences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes recombinant DNA?

<p>DNA formed by mixing DNA from two different sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main technique employed in inbreeding?

<p>Mating genetically similar organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key application of recombinant DNA technology?

<p>Developing disease-resistant crops (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of vectors in recombinant DNA technology?

<p>They serve as carriers for introducing genes into host organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is artificial selection considered a less controlled method than genetic engineering?

<p>It relies on natural mating processes without direct gene control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of genetic engineering?

<p>To change the DNA in a living organism to create something new (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique involves the selective mating of organisms to produce offspring with specific traits?

<p>Selective breeding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?

<p>To analyze and compare DNA samples from different organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the crossing of two genetically diverse individuals to produce a hybrid with desirable characteristics?

<p>Hybridization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes inbreeding?

<p>Breeding genetically similar organisms to maintain traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cloning in the context of genetic engineering?

<p>A technique to create an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technology is used to cut and splice DNA from one organism into another?

<p>Gene splicing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is commonly used to indirectly manipulate the genetic composition of organisms by focusing on physical traits?

<p>Artificial selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of manipulating genes to achieve desired traits called?

<p>genetic engineering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves breeding organisms that are genetically similar to maintain unique traits?

<p>inbreeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique involves cutting DNA from one organism and inserting it into another?

<p>gene splicing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique creates an exact genetic copy of another organism?

<p>cloning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the science called that manipulates genetic material using artificial selection and biomedical techniques?

<p>genetic engineering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the combination of nucleotide sequences to create a new gene product?

<p>both a and b (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzymes are primarily produced by bacteria and can cleave DNA at specific sequences?

<p>restriction enzymes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of cloning in genetic research?

<p>to produce exact genetic copies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the categories that should be included when summarizing genetic engineering?

<p>Pros and cons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of achievement describes a student who has demonstrated minimal communication and collaboration?

<p>0 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What rubric score indicates satisfactory communication and collaboration in providing information?

<p>3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a method of genetic manipulation?

<p>Photosynthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the rubric score of 4 signify?

<p>Well-developed communication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of genetic engineering, what is selective breeding primarily concerned with?

<p>Genetic variation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes involves the direct manipulation of an organism's genes?

<p>Cloning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should responses to the activity be written on?

<p>Separate sheet of paper (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Genetic Engineering Definition

A set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of an organism.

Genetic Engineering Techniques

Methods used to modify an organism's DNA.

Learning Goal 1

Define genetic engineering.

Learning Goal 2

Describe genetic engineering techniques.

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Self-Learning Module (SLM)

A learning resource designed for home-based learning.

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Earth and Life Science

A subject that examines the interrelationship between Earth's systems and living organisms.

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Perpetuation of Life

The processes by which life continues from one generation to the next.

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Prior Knowledge Check

A test to evaluate knowledge before starting a module.

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Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)

Organisms with DNA from a different species

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Selective Breeding

Mating animals with desirable traits to get offspring with the same desirable traits.

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Cloning

Creating an organism with an exact genetic copy of another.

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Hybridization

Breeding animals with different traits to get offspring with desirable ones.

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Gene Splicing

Cutting out DNA from one organism and putting it into another.

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Recombinant DNA Technology

Combining DNA molecules from different species.

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Plasmid

A DNA molecule that can replicate independently.

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Vector

A tool used to carry and integrate a desired gene.

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Genetic Engineering

The process of changing an organism's DNA to create something new. It involves manipulating and recombining DNA molecules.

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Artificial Selection

Indirectly manipulating genes by choosing organisms with desired traits to breed together. The method focuses on observable traits.

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Inbreeding

The breeding of genetically similar organisms to maintain desired traits in a pure lineage.

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Recombinant DNA

DNA created by combining DNA from two different sources.

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Restriction Enzymes

Enzymes that can cut, splice, and remove DNA segments. Used in recombinant DNA technology.

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What is the main difference between artificial selection and genetic engineering?

Artificial selection involves breeding organisms with desirable traits. Genetic engineering directly manipulates the genes of an organism.

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Gel Electrophoresis

A technique used to compare DNA from different organisms by separating DNA fragments based on size.

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Genetic Engineering Pros

Benefits of using genetic engineering techniques to alter organisms, such as increased crop yields, disease resistance, and novel therapies.

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Genetic Engineering Cons

Potential negative impacts of genetic engineering, including unintended consequences, ethical concerns, and potential environmental risks.

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Study Notes

Earth and Life Science - Genetic Engineering

  • This module covers genetic engineering, a biotechnology technique
  • It involves direct manipulation of an organism's genes
  • The goal is to alter genomes, often introducing genes from different species
  • Aiming to improve products or create new ones

Module 4 - Genetic Engineering

  • The module describes genetic engineering techniques
  • Techniques like selective breeding, hybridization, inbreeding, cloning
  • This module also discusses the principles of recombinant technology
  • Different technologies, like DNA splicing, gel electrophoresis
  • It also discusses host organisms and vectors involved in this technology

What I Need to Know

  • This module's purpose is mastering Earth and Life Science's principles concerning genetic engineering
  • The lessons follow a standard course sequence adapting to various textbooks
  • Students will learn to define genetic engineering, describe its techniques, and appreciate its role in human life

What I Know (Quizzes)

  • Questions related to genetic engineering covering different concepts and techniques
  • Topics include terms like "transgenic organisms," "selective breeding," and "cloning"
  • The quizzes assess prior knowledge and understanding of genetic engineering

Lesson 1 - Genetic Engineering

  • Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes
  • Using biotechnology to alter genomes to improve products or create new ones
  • Involves adding genes from different species

What's In (Activity 1)

  • Focuses on the relationships between DNA, genes, proteins, and traits
  • Explains how changes in DNA or genes impact proteins and, consequently, traits
  • The questions assess understanding of the connection between molecular components and observable characteristics

What's New (Activity 2)

  • Focuses on student understanding of genetic engineering's objectives
  • Explores how scientists realize these objectives, and the techniques used
  • Emphasizes the outcomes of utilizing genetic engineering techniques

What's More (Activity 3)

  • Matching exercise associating genetic techniques with their descriptions
  • Covers concepts like cloning, hybridization, gene splicing, and selective breeding
  • Focuses on understanding these techniques to help analyze different scenarios
  • Questions cover topics such as artificial selection, cloning, and gene splicing

What I Can Do (Activity 4)

  • Distinguishing genetic engineering techniques in different scenarios
  • Application of knowledge about technique-scenario connections via examples and scenarios

Activity 5

  • Analyzing current genetic engineering technologies
  • Students analyze claims surrounding genetic engineering and express agreement/disagreement

Assessment (Multiple Choice Questions)

  • Comprehensive assessment covering various aspects of genetic engineering
  • Focuses on fundamental concepts, and techniques of this field

Additional Activities (Activity 6)

  • Focuses on gathering opinions and perspectives on the advantages and disadvantages related to genetic engineering

References

  • Provides a list of sources consulted during the module's creation
  • Supporting documents utilized in compiling the information, likely textbooks and educational resources

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