Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the economic relationship between the colonies and England under mercantilism?
Which of the following best describes the economic relationship between the colonies and England under mercantilism?
- Colonies were economically independent from England, fostering diverse economic growth.
- Colonies and England equally participated in free trade agreements with other countries.
- Colonies provided raw materials to England and purchased finished goods from England. (correct)
- Colonies manufactured goods for England in exchange for raw materials.
How did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639) contribute to the development of American government?
How did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639) contribute to the development of American government?
- It served as the first written constitution in America. (correct)
- It created a system of direct democracy for all citizens.
- It established a monarchy in the colonies.
- It outlined the separation of church and state.
What distinctions can be made between the Puritans and the Separatists?
What distinctions can be made between the Puritans and the Separatists?
- Puritans wanted to separate from the Church of England; Separatists wanted to purify it.
- Puritans settled in Pennsylvania; Separatists settled in Massachusetts.
- Puritans believed in religious tolerance; Separatists sought a theocratic government.
- Puritans wanted to purify the Church of England; Separatists wanted to separate from it. (correct)
Which factor primarily differentiated the economic activities of the Southern Colonies from those of the New England Colonies?
Which factor primarily differentiated the economic activities of the Southern Colonies from those of the New England Colonies?
How did the Mayflower Compact contribute to the establishment of self-government in the colonies?
How did the Mayflower Compact contribute to the establishment of self-government in the colonies?
What was the primary motivation behind France's exploration and colonization efforts in North America?
What was the primary motivation behind France's exploration and colonization efforts in North America?
Compare the settlements of Jamestown and Plymouth. What was a key economic difference between them?
Compare the settlements of Jamestown and Plymouth. What was a key economic difference between them?
Analyze the significance of John Winthrop's "City upon a Hill" speech. What did Winthrop hope the Massachusetts Bay Colony would represent?
Analyze the significance of John Winthrop's "City upon a Hill" speech. What did Winthrop hope the Massachusetts Bay Colony would represent?
Why were Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
Why were Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
Which of the following statements best describes the Middle Passage's role within the triangular trade system?
Which of the following statements best describes the Middle Passage's role within the triangular trade system?
Flashcards
Northwest Passage
Northwest Passage
A (never discovered) water route through North America sought by early explorers as a shortcut to the Silk Road.
Mercantilism
Mercantilism
Economic theory where colonies supply raw materials to the mother country, which then sells finished goods back to the colonies.
Triangular Trade
Triangular Trade
System of trade involving the exchange of goods between Europe, Africa, and the Americas, including slaves, raw materials, and manufactured goods.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)
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Mayflower Compact
Mayflower Compact
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House of Burgesses
House of Burgesses
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"City upon a Hill"
"City upon a Hill"
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Puritans vs. Separatists
Puritans vs. Separatists
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Rhode Island
Rhode Island
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Georgia
Georgia
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Study Notes
- The Northwest Passage provided a water route to the Silk Road
Exploration & Colonization
- Spain sought gold, God, and glory
- France focused on fur trade
Jamestown vs. Plymouth
- Jamestown (Virginia) was characterized by swampy conditions
- Plymouth (Massachusetts Bay Colony) situated in a hilly area
- Jamestown attracted single men seeking wealth from tobacco cultivation
- Plymouth was founded by families seeking religious freedom
Colonial Governance
- Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639) marked the first written constitution
- Mayflower Compact introduced the concept of self-government
- House of Burgesses established as the first legislative assembly
- These were rooted in the Magna Carta, initially granting rights to English nobles
Economic Characteristics of Colonies
- New England: shipping, commerce, fishing, rocky soil, no slavery, factories
- Middle Colonies (Mid-Atlantic): livestock, farming, mild weather, good soil
- Southern Colonies: tobacco, cotton, cash crops, yeoman (poor white farmers)
Specific Colonies
- Maryland: known for Catholic presence and religious freedoms for Christians
- Georgia: served as a buffer to Florida and refuge for debtors with James Oglethorpe as its founder
Religious Differences
- Puritans believed that only men could speak in church and saw women as inferior
- Quakers promoted education and leadership roles for women
- Puritans supported slavery and viewed native people as savages
- Quakers opposed slavery and advocated for the humane treatment of native people
- Puritans primarily settled in Massachusetts
- Quakers mainly settled in Pennsylvania
Religious Dissent
- Roger Williams & Ann Hutchison were exiled from Massachusetts Bay Colony
- Rhode Island colony was founded by them which became a haven for religious freedoms
Mercantilism & Trade
- Colonies supplied raw materials to the mother country
- The mother country then manufactured finished goods to sell back to the colonies
- Slaves were transported from Africa to the New World via the Middle Passage
- Triangular trade involved trade patterns between the colonies, Europe, and Africa
- This system ensured a favorable trade balance and foreign trading monopolies
Puritans vs. Separatists
- Puritans aimed to reform the Church of England
- Separatists (Pilgrims) desired complete separation from the Church of England
"City upon a Hill"
- Governor John Winthrop's speech conveyed that the Puritan colony was a model for the world
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Description
Overview of early US colonies: motives, geography, and governance. It covers the differences between Jamestown and Plymouth, while focusing on colonial self-governance rooted in the Magna Carta.
