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Questions and Answers
Who introduced the concept of IQ as determined by mental age and chronological age?
Which psychologist introduced the two-factor theory of intelligence, distinguishing between General ability ('g') and Special abilities ('s')?
Who theorized the 'many factor intelligence theory' involving 6 types of operations, 5 types of contents, and 6 types of products?
Who introduced the components of 'g' as Fluid 'g' and Crystallized 'g'?
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Who pioneered the first group intelligence test known as the Army Alpha and Army Beta tests?
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Which psychologist devised the Thematic Apperception Test?
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Who is considered the father of pedagogy as an academic discipline?
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Which psychologist is credited with providing the first accurate description of mental retardation as a separate entity from insanity?
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Who conducted seminars that significantly influenced the field of psychological testing?
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Which psychologist brought Structuralism to America?
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Who is known for being the founder of psychophysics and for establishing the Weber-Fechner Law?
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Which psychologist is referred to as the father of IQ testing?
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Study Notes
Early Experimental Psychologists
- Johan Friedrich Herbart: used mathematical models of the mind and is considered the father of pedagogy as an academic discipline
- Ernst Heinrich Weber: researched sensory thresholds and discovered just noticeable differences (JND)
- Gustav Theodor Fechner: developed the mathematics of sensory thresholds of experience and is considered one of the founders of experimental psychology; introduced the Weber-Fechner Law
- Wilhelm Wundt: considered one of the founders of psychology and established the first psychology laboratory
- Edward Titchner: succeeded Wundt and introduced structuralism to America
- Guy Montrose Whipple: pioneered human ability testing and conducted seminars that changed the field of psychological testing
- Louis Leon Thurstone: made significant contributions to factor analysis and introduced the law of comparative judgment
The Study of Mental Deficiency and Intelligence Testing
- Jean Esquirol: provided the first accurate description of mental retardation as an entity separate from insanity
- Edouard Seguin: pioneered modern educational methods for teaching people with mental retardation/intellectual disability
- James McKeen Cattell: coined the term "mental test"
- Alfred Binet: developed the concept of IQ testing
- Lewis M. Terman: introduced the concept of IQ as determined by mental age and chronological age
- Charles Spearman: introduced the two-factor theory of intelligence, including general ability (g) and special abilities (s)
- Thurstone: introduced the concept of primary mental abilities
- David Wechsler: developed the Wechsler Intelligence Tests (WISC, WAIS)
- Raymond Cattell: introduced the components of "g", including fluid "g" and crystallized "g"
- Guilford: theorized the "many factor intelligence theory"
- Vernon and Carroll: introduced the hierarchical approach in "g"
- Sternberg: introduced the "3 g's" (Academic g, Practical g, and Creative g)
- Howard Gardner: conceptualized the multiple intelligences theory
World War I
- Robert Yerkes: pioneered the first group intelligence test, including the Army Alpha (for literate) and Army Beta (for functionally illiterate)
- Arthur S. Otis: introduced multiple-choice and other "objective" item types of tests
- Robert S. Woodworth: developed the Personal Data Sheet, known as the first personality test
Personality Testers
- Herman Rorschach: developed the Rorschach Inkblot Test, which introduced projective testing
- Henry Murray and Christina Morgan: developed the Thematic Apperception Test
- Raymond B. Cattell: introduced the 16 Personality Factors
- McCrae and Costa: introduced the Big 5 Personality Factors
Psychological Testing in the Philippines
- Virgilio Enriquez: developed the Panukat ng Ugali at Pagkatao (PUP)
- Aurora R. Palacio: developed the Panukat ng Katalinuhang Pilipino (PKP)
- Anadaisy Carlota: developed the Panukat ng Pagkataong Pilipino (PPP)
- Gregorio E.H. Del Pilar: developed the Masaklaw na Panukad ng Loob (Mapa ng Loob)
- Alfredo Lagmay: developed the Philippine Thematic Apperception Test (PTAT)
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Description
Test your knowledge on important figures in the history of experimental psychology including Johann Friedrich Herbart, Ernst Heinrich Weber, Gustav Theodor Fechner, and Wilhelm Wundt. Learn about their contributions to the field and their key theories.
