Law week 5

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Questions and Answers

What is the formal definition of E-commerce?

Digitally-enabled commercial transactions between and among organizations and individuals. (correct)

Commercial transactions using cash and credit.

Transactions involving only physical products sold online.

Any sale of goods conducted through traditional retail channels.

In what year did E-commerce begin?

1985

2010

1995 (correct)

2000

Which of the following is NOT considered a technological building block of E-commerce?

Mobile Platform

Traditional Retail Outlets (correct)

Internet

World Wide Web

Which statement best describes consumer behavior in traditional commerce?

Consumers cannot easily search for the best price and quality. Signup and view all the answers

What role does the World Wide Web play in E-commerce?

It is an information system that provides access to web pages. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of e-commerce focuses on transactions between businesses and consumers?

Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for two parties to effectively enter into a legal contract?

Mutual agreement and legal capacity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a contract?

To establish a legal obligation between parties Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism is NOT typically associated with e-commerce transactions?

Face-to-face negotiations Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes social e-commerce from other forms of e-commerce?

It focuses on promoting products through social media platforms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is NOT a part of a legally enforceable contract?

Promotion methods Signup and view all the answers

What type of e-commerce is characterized by transactions conducted on mobile devices?

Mobile e-commerce Signup and view all the answers

Informal contracts may be created in which of the following scenarios?

Daily transactions without conscious thought Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of informal contracts?

They can be formed without defined terms. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding contract formation is true?

All parties must agree on the terms to create a binding contract. Signup and view all the answers

In the example of Kiera taking the bus, what does her payment of the fare represent?

Consideration for the contract with the bus company. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT typically a requirement for the formation of informal contracts?

Legally defined writing or oral terms. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'meeting of the mind' signify in the context of informal contracts?

A unification of intent between parties to agree on terms. Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is essential for the validity of informal contracts involving public transportation?

Act of boarding and fare payment indicating agreement. Signup and view all the answers

What role does consideration play in the informal contract formation described?

It is critical as it binds both parties to their obligations. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of electronic or online contracts, what remains a key aspect of informal contracts?

Electronic communications can satisfy terms of acceptance. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Thai Electronic Transactions Act define as a 'transaction'?

An act regarding civil or commercial activities or state affairs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT included in the definition of a 'data message'?

Postal letters sent via the traditional mail system. Signup and view all the answers

Which chapter of the Thai Electronic Transactions Act specifically addresses penalties?

Chapter 6. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'electronic transactions' as per the Act?

Any transaction that uses electronic means either partially or completely. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'information' refer to as defined in the Act?

Any incident or fact, in any format capable of expression. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a requirement for the Thai Electronic Transactions Act to apply?

Transactions must be performed using a data message. Signup and view all the answers

Which chapter outlines the responsibilities of the Electronic Transactions Commission?

Chapter 5. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is specifically NOT affected by the provisions of the Thai Electronic Transactions Act?

Consumer protection laws. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an offer in a contract?

It is a manifestation of willingness to agree on terms. Signup and view all the answers

According to Section 355 of the Civil and Commercial Law Code of Thailand, what is true about offers made without specifying a period for acceptance?

The offer cannot be revoked until a reasonable time has passed. Signup and view all the answers

What is required for an offer made to a person who is present?

It may be accepted only at the time of the offer. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately reflects the nature of a contract formation?

A contract is formed upon acceptance of the offer by the offeree. Signup and view all the answers

What is an implication of a contract that requires a specific written form?

A sale of immovable property requires a prescribed written document. Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances is an offer made without specifying a period for acceptance valid?

When it remains open for a reasonable time. Signup and view all the answers

What happens if an offer made in person is neither accepted nor rejected immediately?

The offer becomes invalid after a short duration. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes how acceptance operates within contract law?

An acceptance must directly address the offer to be valid. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

E-Commerce Introduction

E-commerce (Electronic Commerce) is the use of the Internet, the World Wide Web, and mobile applications to transact business.
Formal definition: Digitally-enabled commercial transactions between and among organizations and individuals.
Also called "digital commerce" in some literature.

E-Commerce Features

Consumers are viewed as passive targets of advertising campaigns in traditional commerce.
Information about prices, costs, and fees could be hidden from consumers in traditional commerce.
Internet, World Wide Web, and Mobile Platforms are key technologies underlying e-commerce.

Types of E-Commerce

By market relationship:
- Business-to-Consumer (B2C)
- Business-to-Business (B2B)
- Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
By marketing campaign:
- Social e-commerce
- Mobile e-commerce
- Local e-commerce

E-Commerce Growth

Total internet users in Thailand are a key indicator for e-commerce success.
B2C e-commerce has grown exponentially since 1995.

Contracts

A contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties that creates an obligation to do (or not to do) particular things.
Parties can be individuals or legal persons.

Elements of Contract

Two or more parties with a mutual agreement.
Contractual capacity (parties must be sui juris and competent to enter a contract).
Purpose of the contract (each party promises to perform an act or abstain from performing an act).
Formation of contract: Offer and acceptance.
Form of the contract.

Informal Contracts

Everyday transactions like buying groceries, getting a haircut, or taking public transport are examples of informal contracts.
Informal contracts have no specific legally defined form and are formed by meeting of the mind.
Written evidence or signatures are not required for legal enforceability.

Offer and Acceptance

An offer is an expression of willingness to agree on certain terms without further negotiations.
Acceptance of an offer must be communicated to the offeror by the offeree.
Thai Civil and Commercial Law Code:
- A person making an offer at a distance cannot withdraw it within a reasonable time for acceptance.
- An offer made to a person present can only be accepted immediately.

Formal Contracts

Some contracts require a written document with specific form prescribed by law, like a sale of immovable property.

Thai Electronic Transactions Act

Thai Electronic Transactions Act B.E. 2544 addresses electronic transactions.
Covers topics like electronic transactions, electronic signatures, service businesses related to electronic transactions, electronic transactions in the public sector, Electronic Transactions Commission, and penalties.
Applies to all civil and commercial transactions using data messages, except for transactions excluded by royal decree.

Definitions in Thai Electronic Transactions Act

Transaction: Any act relating to civil and commercial activity or carrying out of the affairs of the State
Electronics: Application of electron, electrical, electromagnetic, optical, magnetic means, or devices related to these.
Electronic Transaction: Transaction using an electronic means in part or whole.
Information: Incident or fact, regardless of form.
Data Message: Information generated, sent, received, stored, or processed by electronic means (e.g. EDI, email, telegram, telex, fax).

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of e-commerce, including its definition, features, and various types. You will learn about the different market relationships such as B2C, B2B, and C2C, as well as the impact of technology on digital commerce. Test your knowledge on how e-commerce operates in today's digital landscape.