Dysphagia: Causes and Symptoms
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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of dysphagia?

  • Frequent vomiting
  • Painful swallowing
  • Difficulty in swallowing (correct)
  • Burning sensation in the throat

    • Which type of tumour is most commonly associated with dysphagia?

  • Melanoma
  • Basal cell carcinoma
  • Squamous cell carcinoma (correct)
  • Adenocarcinoma

    • What is a common complication of oesophageal tumours?

  • Achalasia
  • Gastro-oesophageal reflux
  • Oesophageal spasms
  • Tracheo-oesophageal fistulation (correct)

    • Which of the following can cause a foreign body obstruction in the oesophagus?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of a web in the oesophagus?

    <p>A fibrous stricture at the upper end of the oesophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of oesophageal spasms?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary result of achalasia of the cardia?

    <p>Functional obstruction to oesophageal emptying with dysphagia for solids and liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of balloon dilatation in treating achalasia?

    <p>To restore the flow in the oesophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of oesophageal spasm?

    <p>Gastro-oesophageal reflux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential result of an oesophageal spasm in relation to the oesophagus?

    <p>A corkscrew oesophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of iron deficiency anaemia related to the oesophagus?

    <p>Dysphagia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cardiomyotomy?

    <p>A surgical treatment for achalasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main symptom of globus hystericus?

    <p>Sensation of a lump in the throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weak point of the oesophagus called?

    <p>Killian's dehiscence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle coats the outer layer of the oesophagus?

    <p>Longitudinal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of oesophagitis?

    <p>Inflammation of the oesophagus due to acid reflux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the stimulation of the vomiting centres in the lateral reticular formation of the medulla?

    <p>Vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the vagus nerve in the oesophagus?

    <p>Innervation of motor and sensory nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the oesophagus?

    <p>A mix of striated and non-striated muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is achalasia of the cardia?

    <p>Loss of ganglia from the intramural plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of epithelium that lines the mucosal layer of the oesophagus?

    <p>Stratified Squamous Non Keratinising Epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the herniation of mucosa through a weakness in the pharyngeal constrictor muscles?

    <p>Pharyngeal pouch</p> Signup and view all the answers

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