Dynamics of Ultrafiltratio physiology 1404 lect 1
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Questions and Answers

What is the formula to estimate the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?

  • GFR = PCr / (UCr × V)
  • GFR = PCr × V / UCr
  • GFR = UCr × V / PCr (correct)
  • GFR = UCr / (Pcr × V)

What is the characteristic of a substance that can be used to measure GFR?

  • It must be secreted by the nephron.
  • It must be reabsorbed by the nephron.
  • It must be produced by the kidney.
  • It must meet specific criteria, including being freely filtered across the glomerulus. (correct)

What is the unit of measurement for urine flow (V)?

  • milliliters per minute (mL/min) (correct)
  • millimoles per second (mmol/s)
  • liters per hour (L/h)
  • microliters per minute (μL/min)

What is the purpose of measuring the clearance of creatinine?

<p>To measure the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using inulin as a marker for GFR measurement?

<p>It meets the criteria for a GFR marker. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the equation for estimating GFR and the equation for clearance?

<p>The equations are identical in form. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for complete emptying of the bladder at the beginning and end of the clearance period?

<p>To reduce possible errors introduced by urine remaining in the bladder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of using creatinine clearance as a marker for GFR?

<p>It is affected by certain drugs that inhibit tubular secretion of creatinine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using creatinine clearance over inulin clearance?

<p>It can be measured over a longer period of time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is creatinine a suitable marker for GFR?

<p>It is always present in the blood and its concentration remains fairly constant over a 24 hour period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using creatinine clearance in patients with compromised renal function?

<p>It overcomes some of the practical problems of inulin clearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many blood samples are needed for creatinine clearance?

<p>Only one blood sample is needed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for GFR in terms of Net Filtration Pressure (NFP) and ultrafiltration coefficient (Kf)?

<p>GFR = Kf x NFP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why the rate of glomerular filtration is higher in glomerular capillaries than in systemic capillaries?

<p>Higher ultrafiltration coefficient (Kf) in glomerular capillaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of chronic uncontrolled hypertension and diabetes mellitus on the glomerular capillary membrane?

<p>Decreases the intrinsic permeability of the membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for the ultrafiltration coefficient (Kf)?

<p>mL/mmHg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of reducing the number of functional glomerular capillaries on the ultrafiltration coefficient (Kf)?

<p>Decreases Kf (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net effect of πBS on GFR?

<p>Has no effect on GFR (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of clearance?

<p>ml/min (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concentration of Na+ in the plasma?

<p>145 mmol/L (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of urine collected in 1 hour?

<p>450 ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of inulin concentration?

<p>mg/ml (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clearance of glucose in a normal individual?

<p>0 ml/min (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a substance that is filtered but partially reabsorbed?

<p>Its clearance is between zero and ~600 ml/min (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for GFR?

<p>GFR = Kf x Net Filtration Pressure (NFP) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following changes would increase GFR?

<p>Dilation of afferent arteriole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of sympathetic stimulation on GFR?

<p>Decreases GFR (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does AgII affect efferent and afferent arterioles?

<p>Constricts efferent arteriole more than afferent arteriole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of haemorrhage on GFR?

<p>Decreases GFR (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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