Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a Constitutional Court?
Which of the following is a Constitutional Court?
What was a major challenge encountered in the US during the Confederation era (1781-1789) in regards to law enforcement?
What was a major challenge encountered in the US during the Confederation era (1781-1789) in regards to law enforcement?
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the relationship between Congress and the federal court system?
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the relationship between Congress and the federal court system?
Why did Alexander Hamilton advocate for a national judiciary system in his Federalist essays?
Why did Alexander Hamilton advocate for a national judiciary system in his Federalist essays?
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What does the phrase "inferior courts" refer to in the context of the US judicial system?
What does the phrase "inferior courts" refer to in the context of the US judicial system?
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Flashcards
Dual Court System
Dual Court System
The US has two court systems: federal and state.
Constitutional Courts
Constitutional Courts
Courts established by the Constitution to exercise judicial power.
Special Courts
Special Courts
Courts created by Congress with limited jurisdiction.
Federal Judiciary Creation
Federal Judiciary Creation
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Judicial Power
Judicial Power
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Study Notes
Dual Court System
- The US has two separate court systems: federal and state.
- Federal courts handle cases across the country, with over 100 courts.
- State courts are present in each of the 50 states, with thousands of courts.
- Most cases are heard in state courts, not federal.
Types of Federal Courts
- Constitutional Courts: Created by the Constitution, including the Supreme Court and lower federal courts (courts of appeals, district courts, and the U.S. Court of International Trade).
- These exercise the "judicial Power of the United States."
- Special Courts: Created by Congress, these handle specific issues.
Creation of the National Judiciary
- During the Articles of Confederation (1781-1789), there were no national courts.
- The lack of a national judiciary was a significant weakness.
- States sometimes interpreted and applied laws differently.
- Disputes between individuals and states were often settled by state courts, and decisions were not consistently respected.
- Alexander Hamilton argued for a stronger judiciary in The Federalist No. 22, highlighting the need for courts to define laws.
- The Constitution established a national judiciary with a Supreme Court and allowed Congress to create lower courts.
- The "judicial Power of the United States" is vested in one Supreme Court and other inferior courts.
Judicial Power of the United States
- Congress has the power to create lower federal courts.
- This is outlined in Article III, Section 1, and in Article I, Section 8, Clause 9 of the Constitution..
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Description
Explore the structure and types of courts within the U.S. legal system, including the distinction between federal and state courts. Understand the historical context and the creation of the national judiciary under the Constitution. This quiz will test your knowledge on the essential aspects of the U.S. court systems.
