DSM Overview Quiz

Study Notes

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) was published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 2013, after over ten years of expert collaboration.
DSM provides a classification of psychological disorders to facilitate diagnosis, treatment, and research, aiming to prevent cultural bias.
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), developed by the World Health Organization, is another diagnostic reference, which provides information on prevalence, symptoms, and criteria for disorders.

DSM is primarily used by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists, focusing on mental health disorders, while ICD classifies all diseases and is utilized by various health practitioners.
DSM is considered more accurate with detailed descriptions and is widely adopted internationally, while ICD is mainly used in the U.S. and less accurate in comparison.
Both systems are essential for medical billing processes, epidemic surveillance, and understanding morbidity and mortality statistics.

DSM serves as a diagnostic tool encompassing all categories of mental health disorders, containing descriptions, symptoms, and necessary criteria for accurate diagnosis.
It includes statistics on affected demographics, onset age, disorder development, and prognostic factors, assisting in clinical and billing processes for mental health treatment.

First published in 1952, DSM has seen several updates: 102 categories in the first edition, 182 in DSM-II, 265 in DSM-III, and 297 in DSM-IV.
The most notable change in DSM-5 is the elimination of the multiaxial system, moving to a list of categories with related disorders.

ROMAN numerals were replaced with Arabic numbers for ease of reference.
Major categories include anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders, depressive disorders, eating disorders, OCD, and personality disorders.
Asperger syndrome was reclassified into the Autism spectrum disorder category, and new disorders like binge eating disorder and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder were officially added.

The DSM-5-TR, or Text Revision, revises criteria for over 70 disorders and introduces prolonged grief disorder as a new diagnosis.
New coding for documenting non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior was added, aiding clinicians in thorough patient documentation.
Language was revised for clarity on diagnostic criteria, ensuring all symptoms must be present for definitive diagnosis.

Over 70 disorder criteria have been revised for better specificity and understanding.
New terminologies were introduced to enhance clarity, such as replacing "intellectual disability" with "intellectual development disorder."