Drugs in ruminants equine and rabbit

reduce gastrointestinal motility and may cause colic = Anticholinergics changes in inhaland concentration take time to effect leading to risks of hypoventilation and hypoxemia (particularly in obese, pregnant, or dorsal-recumbent horses) = Inhalant anesthetics prolonged doses of __ with alpha-2 agonists can cantribute to extended recovery times and heightened active reflexes = Ketamine in TIVA overdoses can occur if infusion is improperly monitored = Lidocaine or detomidine infusions

Cause saliva to become thick and ropy, increasing risk of airway obstruction during anesthesia = Anticholinergics (atropine, glycopyrrolate) often part of a double drip combo (____ and guaifenesin), overdosing or improper admin can lead to prolonged recovery times or increased excitement upon waking. = Ketamine Highly potent in ruminants, require lower doses (1/10th) than in horses Overdose can lead to: Severe bradycardia, respiratory depression and possible hypoxemia = Xylazine May lead to excessive sedation and ruminal stasis, increasing the risk of bloat and other gastrointestinal complications. = Alpha-2 agonists (detomidine or medetomidine)

Provides inadequate analgesia and immobilization (leads to incomplete anesthesia which can cause trauma and struggling during the procedure) = Ketamine when used alone Limited analgesic effects, may not provide adequate depth of anesthesia for more invasive procedures. Prolonged recovery due to residual sedative effects in small rodents. = Telazol Requires IV administration – difficult IV access may cause unnecessary stress or failed induction. Rapid administration can cause respiratory depression or apnea. Not typically recommended for small rodents but used in rabbits for short procedures. = Propofol Breath holding leading to bradycardia or hypoxia. = Inhalant anesthetics

<p>Cardiovascular depression (bradycardia, hypotension) = Alpha-2 agonists (xylazine, medetomidine, dexmedetomidine) May cause behavioral changes, excessive sedation or immobility can interfere with normal behaviors such as grooming or eating. Can reduce GI motility leading to ileus. = Opioids (morphine, buprenorphine) Narrow margin of safety in rodents. Can lead to systemic toxicity including seizures or cardiac arrest. = Local anesthetics (lidocaine, bupivacaine) Effective for pain management but prolonged use can cause side effects. GI ulceration or bleeding, kidney damage if hydration status is not monitored. Should = NSAIDs (Carprofen, Ketprofen)</p> Signup and view all the answers