Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the typical interval between the initial immunization and the second booster for young horses or any horse with unknown vaccination history?
What is the typical interval between the initial immunization and the second booster for young horses or any horse with unknown vaccination history?
How much is the usual dose for the strangles vaccine?
How much is the usual dose for the strangles vaccine?
Which adverse complication is mentioned in relation to equine immunizations?
Which adverse complication is mentioned in relation to equine immunizations?
What is the frequency of administering the rabies vaccine to horses?
What is the frequency of administering the rabies vaccine to horses?
Signup and view all the answers
Which disease is characterized by muscular rigidity and may lead to death due to respiratory arrest or convulsions?
Which disease is characterized by muscular rigidity and may lead to death due to respiratory arrest or convulsions?
Signup and view all the answers
How long does the protection from inactivated virus vaccines typically last in areas where winter freezes are uncommon or endemic?
How long does the protection from inactivated virus vaccines typically last in areas where winter freezes are uncommon or endemic?
Signup and view all the answers
Which viral neurologic disease is maintained in nature by birds/animal reservoirs and transmitted by biting insects?
Which viral neurologic disease is maintained in nature by birds/animal reservoirs and transmitted by biting insects?
Signup and view all the answers
How often is Equine West Nile virus vaccination administered?
How often is Equine West Nile virus vaccination administered?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the recommended frequency of equine herpesvirus vaccination for high-risk animals?
What is the recommended frequency of equine herpesvirus vaccination for high-risk animals?
Signup and view all the answers
How is strangles, caused by Streptococcus equi, transmitted?
How is strangles, caused by Streptococcus equi, transmitted?
Signup and view all the answers
What are pigs commonly vaccinated for before entering the breeding herd?
What are pigs commonly vaccinated for before entering the breeding herd?
Signup and view all the answers
What diseases are cattle vaccinated against to protect the development of diarrhea in calves through calf hood vaccine programs?
What diseases are cattle vaccinated against to protect the development of diarrhea in calves through calf hood vaccine programs?
Signup and view all the answers
What are sows booster vaccinated against when litters are weaned?
What are sows booster vaccinated against when litters are weaned?
Signup and view all the answers
How are cattle vaccines administered to maintain meat quality?
How are cattle vaccines administered to maintain meat quality?
Signup and view all the answers
What are adult cattle often vaccinated against as combination vaccines?
What are adult cattle often vaccinated against as combination vaccines?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Equine and Livestock Immunizations
- Tetanus antitoxin is produced by hyperimmunization of donor horses with tetanus toxoid, providing protection by binding C. tetani toxin, and is used locally at the site of infection.
- Equine West Nile virus vaccination is administered annually before biting insect season, and protection lasts about 6 months, with semiannual vaccination recommended in areas where winter freezes are uncommon.
- Equine herpesvirus vaccination offers protection against EHV-1 & EHV-4, with high-risk animals vaccinated every 6 months and pregnant mares vaccinated at specific gestational months to aid in control of abortion.
- Equine influenza is a highly contagious viral disease that frequently affects mobile horse populations, with outbreaks usually occurring in 1-3-year-old horses after mixing with racehorses, training barns, and show grounds.
- Strangles, caused by Streptococcus equi, is easily transmitted through direct contact and has clinical signs such as sudden onset fever/nasal discharge followed by acute swelling/abscess formation in lymph nodes.
- Pigs at weaning are vaccinated against erysipelas caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, which may lead to chronic arthritis and endocarditis if survived, and also against Mycoplasma, which causes pneumonia.
- Breeding pigs are commonly vaccinated for leptospirosis, parvovirus, and erysipelas before entering the breeding herd, as these diseases may cause infertility, abortion, and stillbirth.
- Pigs purchased for breeding should be tested for brucellosis, pseudorabies, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), with commercial pigs being pseudorabies-free, but feral pigs may still carry the disease.
- Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus causes reproductive failure, respiratory disease, and chronic infections, and sows are booster vaccinated against erysipelas/leptospirosis when litters are weaned.
- Cattle vaccines are administered as labeled intramuscular or subcutaneous injections only in the neck region to maintain meat quality, with awareness and adherence to withdrawal or withholding periods for the animal and its products.
- Pregnant cows are vaccinated against E. coli, rotavirus, coronavirus, and clostridial diseases to protect the development of diarrhea in calves through calf hood vaccine programs.
- Bovine viral respiratory and reproductive pathogens are often administered as combination vaccines, with adult cattle receiving viral respiratory and reproductive pathogen vaccines, and heifers younger than 1 year being legally vaccinated against brucellosis (Bangs).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge of equine and livestock immunizations with this quiz. Explore important vaccinations for horses, pigs, and cattle, and learn about the diseases they protect against.
