Drugs for Peptic Ulcer and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of H2 receptor antagonists?

Competitive antagonists of histamine, reducing acid secretion by approximately 70%-90% (correct)

Irreversible antagonists of histamine, reducing acid secretion by approximately 90%-100%

Selective agonists of histamine, increasing acid secretion by approximately 70%-90%

Non-competitive antagonists of histamine, reducing acid secretion by approximately 50%-60%

What are the therapeutic uses of H2 receptor antagonists?

Treatment of asthma

Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

Treatment of peptic ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (correct)

Treatment of Crohn's disease

What adverse effect is associated with H2 receptor antagonists?

Hypertension

Hypoglycemia

Gynecomastia and galactorrhea (correct)

Osteoporosis

Which drugs are used in quadruple therapy for treating peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease?

Bismuth subsalicylate, metronidazole, tetracycline, and PPI Signup and view all the answers

What is the main action of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)?

They inhibit the basal, food-stimulated, nocturnal secretion of gastric acid Signup and view all the answers

Which proton pump inhibitor irreversibly inhibits the H+ -K+ -ATPase enzyme system?

Omeprazole Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical use of misoprostol?

Prophylactic use in patients who take NSAIDs Signup and view all the answers

Which mucosal protective agent is a stable analogue of prostaglandin E1?

Misoprostol Signup and view all the answers

What are the adverse effects associated with PPIs?

Hypomagnesemia and pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of sucralfate?

Release of aluminum in the presence of acid Signup and view all the answers

What are the unwanted effects of bismuth subsalicylate?

Blackening of the tongue and faeces Signup and view all the answers

Which antacid can cause constipation?

Aluminium hydroxide gel / Colloidal aluminium hydroxide mixtures Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect associated with antacids?

Diarrhea and abdominal cramps Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical use of bismuth subsalicylate?

Component of quadruple therapy for H. pylori eradication Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of elevated gastric pH on calcium carbonate absorption?

Impairs absorption Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

H2 Receptor Antagonists

Mechanism of action: Competitive inhibition of histamine action on parietal cells, reducing gastric acid secretion.
Therapeutic uses: Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Adverse effect: Gynecomastia, galactorrhea, and impotence.

Quadruple Therapy

Combination of drugs used to treat peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease: H2 receptor antagonist, proton pump inhibitor, antibacterial agent, and bismuth subsalicylate.

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Main action: Block the secretion of gastric acid by irreversibly inhibiting the H+ -K+ -ATPase enzyme system.
Example: Omeprazole, which irreversibly inhibits the H+ -K+ -ATPase enzyme system.

Mucosal Protective Agents

Clinical use of misoprostol: Prevention of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers.
Misoprostol: A stable analogue of prostaglandin E1, used to prevent gastric ulcers.

Adverse Effects

Adverse effects associated with PPIs: Diarrhea, headache, and nausea.

Sucralfate

Mechanism of action: Forms a protective barrier on the surface of the ulcer, promoting healing.

Bismuth Subsalicylate

Unwanted effects: Darkening of the stool and tongue, constipation.
Clinical use: Treatment of peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and traveler's diarrhea.

Antacids

Calcium carbonate: Can cause constipation.
Main adverse effect: Diarrhea or constipation.
Effect of elevated gastric pH on calcium carbonate absorption: Decreased absorption.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge about drugs used to treat peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Learn about antimicrobial quadruple therapy, triple therapy, and H2 receptor antagonists.