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Questions and Answers
What is the primary difference between legal and illegal drugs?
What is the primary difference between legal and illegal drugs?
- Illegal drugs require a doctor's prescription.
- Legal drugs can be prescribed by doctors or purchased over-the-counter. (correct)
- Legal drugs can only be sold in pharmacies.
- Illegal drugs are always less harmful than legal drugs.
What is considered a characteristic of addiction?
What is considered a characteristic of addiction?
- A type of mental illness that does not involve substance use.
- A strong desire to engage in a behavior that is difficult to control. (correct)
- An ability to control behavior completely.
- A temporary urge that resolves quickly.
Which of the following is an example of a legal drug?
Which of the following is an example of a legal drug?
- Alcohol (correct)
- Heroin
- Ecstasy (MDMA)
- Cocaine
What are street drugs primarily classified as?
What are street drugs primarily classified as?
How does long-term drug use affect mental health?
How does long-term drug use affect mental health?
What distinguishes drug misuse from drug abuse?
What distinguishes drug misuse from drug abuse?
Which type of drug is primarily used to prevent or cure diseases?
Which type of drug is primarily used to prevent or cure diseases?
Which of the following substances is NOT classified as a prescription medication?
Which of the following substances is NOT classified as a prescription medication?
What effect do CNS depressants have on the body?
What effect do CNS depressants have on the body?
What was the former term for CNS depressants?
What was the former term for CNS depressants?
Which category of drugs includes substances that create an intense feeling of separation from one’s body?
Which category of drugs includes substances that create an intense feeling of separation from one’s body?
What is one common effect of both illicit substance use and mental health issues?
What is one common effect of both illicit substance use and mental health issues?
What is the primary use of narcotic analgesics?
What is the primary use of narcotic analgesics?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with CNS depressants?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with CNS depressants?
What can opiates be medically used for?
What can opiates be medically used for?
Which type of drug is known to alter psychological processes such as thinking and perception?
Which type of drug is known to alter psychological processes such as thinking and perception?
What type of drugs are barbiturates classified as?
What type of drugs are barbiturates classified as?
What is a significant risk associated with heroin use?
What is a significant risk associated with heroin use?
Which of these is considered a CNS stimulant?
Which of these is considered a CNS stimulant?
Which group of drugs is associated with inducing psychoactive effects through inhalation?
Which group of drugs is associated with inducing psychoactive effects through inhalation?
What is a common effect of CNS stimulants on the body?
What is a common effect of CNS stimulants on the body?
What is a common effect of CNS stimulants?
What is a common effect of CNS stimulants?
Which of the following is a term associated with the illegal use of amphetamines?
Which of the following is a term associated with the illegal use of amphetamines?
What happens during a 'hard crash' after stimulant use?
What happens during a 'hard crash' after stimulant use?
What are the significant side effects associated with methamphetamine use?
What are the significant side effects associated with methamphetamine use?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of stimulant use?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of stimulant use?
Hallucinogens are characterized by their ability to:
Hallucinogens are characterized by their ability to:
Which of these is NOT categorized as a hallucinogen?
Which of these is NOT categorized as a hallucinogen?
An important effect common to dissociative anesthetics is:
An important effect common to dissociative anesthetics is:
Common symptoms of hallucinogen use include:
Common symptoms of hallucinogen use include:
Which symptom is particularly associated with stimulant overdose?
Which symptom is particularly associated with stimulant overdose?
What is a common effect of hallucinogens that can cause extreme reactions in users?
What is a common effect of hallucinogens that can cause extreme reactions in users?
What is a common effect of narcotic analgesics?
What is a common effect of narcotic analgesics?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT commonly associated with narcotic analgesics?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT commonly associated with narcotic analgesics?
What is a potential severe consequence of using inhalants?
What is a potential severe consequence of using inhalants?
Which of the following describes how cannabis is commonly consumed?
Which of the following describes how cannabis is commonly consumed?
What psychoactive property is associated with inhalants?
What psychoactive property is associated with inhalants?
Which medical condition is cannabis commonly used to treat?
Which medical condition is cannabis commonly used to treat?
What activity might result from the effects of inhalants?
What activity might result from the effects of inhalants?
What is a common form of cannabis use?
What is a common form of cannabis use?
What is a characteristic of illegal drugs?
What is a characteristic of illegal drugs?
Prescription medications can be bought without a doctor's prescription.
Prescription medications can be bought without a doctor's prescription.
Name one type of legal drug.
Name one type of legal drug.
An addiction is an urge to do something that is hard to __________.
An addiction is an urge to do something that is hard to __________.
Match the following substances with their classification:
Match the following substances with their classification:
What are amphetamines commonly known as?
What are amphetamines commonly known as?
Cocaine has no addictive properties.
Cocaine has no addictive properties.
What is a major effect experienced when using methamphetamine?
What is a major effect experienced when using methamphetamine?
The process of converting cocaine into smokeable form is known as ______.
The process of converting cocaine into smokeable form is known as ______.
Match the following substances with their effects:
Match the following substances with their effects:
What is one of the main effects of narcotic analgesics?
What is one of the main effects of narcotic analgesics?
Inhalants are typically substances that can cause disorientation and hallucinations.
Inhalants are typically substances that can cause disorientation and hallucinations.
List one common symptom of using narcotic analgesics.
List one common symptom of using narcotic analgesics.
Inhalants can lead to _________, which is a serious consequence of their use.
Inhalants can lead to _________, which is a serious consequence of their use.
Match the following symptoms with their associated substance:
Match the following symptoms with their associated substance:
Which of the following is NOT a potential negative effect of cannabis use?
Which of the following is NOT a potential negative effect of cannabis use?
Cannabis is primarily made from the roots of the cannabis sativa plant.
Cannabis is primarily made from the roots of the cannabis sativa plant.
What symptom is commonly associated with cannabis use?
What symptom is commonly associated with cannabis use?
Cannabis is often consumed in the form of _________, foods, or beverages.
Cannabis is often consumed in the form of _________, foods, or beverages.
Match the following effects of cannabis with their corresponding symptoms:
Match the following effects of cannabis with their corresponding symptoms:
Which of the following is a common use for CNS depressants?
Which of the following is a common use for CNS depressants?
Opiates are derived from the seeds of poppy plants.
Opiates are derived from the seeds of poppy plants.
Name one symptom associated with CNS depressants.
Name one symptom associated with CNS depressants.
___ is an opiate that is highly addictive and has a high rate of overdose.
___ is an opiate that is highly addictive and has a high rate of overdose.
Match the following CNS stimulants with their primary effects:
Match the following CNS stimulants with their primary effects:
What is a common effect of stimulants on the body?
What is a common effect of stimulants on the body?
CNS depressants can result in increased heart rate.
CNS depressants can result in increased heart rate.
What term is often used to refer to CNS depressants?
What term is often used to refer to CNS depressants?
Match the following stimulants with their characteristics:
Match the following stimulants with their characteristics:
Match the substance with its potential side effects:
Match the substance with its potential side effects:
Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptors:
Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptors:
Match the following effects with the corresponding stimulants:
Match the following effects with the corresponding stimulants:
Match the following symptoms with the relevant stimulant:
Match the following symptoms with the relevant stimulant:
Match the following terms with their definitions related to drug usage:
Match the following terms with their definitions related to drug usage:
Match the types of drugs with their primary effects:
Match the types of drugs with their primary effects:
Match the following drug-related terms with their characteristics:
Match the following drug-related terms with their characteristics:
Match the drug categories with their common examples:
Match the drug categories with their common examples:
Match the following drug treatment approaches with their descriptions:
Match the following drug treatment approaches with their descriptions:
Match the following narcotic analgesic effects with their symptoms:
Match the following narcotic analgesic effects with their symptoms:
Match the following inhalant effects with their corresponding symptoms:
Match the following inhalant effects with their corresponding symptoms:
Match the following substances with their typical usage:
Match the following substances with their typical usage:
Match the following symptoms commonly associated with inhalant use:
Match the following symptoms commonly associated with inhalant use:
Match the following effects of narcotic analgesics to their descriptions:
Match the following effects of narcotic analgesics to their descriptions:
Match the following forms of cannabis with their descriptions:
Match the following forms of cannabis with their descriptions:
Match the following potential negative effects of cannabis use with their symptoms:
Match the following potential negative effects of cannabis use with their symptoms:
Match the following effects of cannabis use with their associated feelings or experiences:
Match the following effects of cannabis use with their associated feelings or experiences:
Match the following symptoms of cannabis use with their descriptions:
Match the following symptoms of cannabis use with their descriptions:
Match the following medical uses of cannabis with their related conditions:
Match the following medical uses of cannabis with their related conditions:
Match the following hallucinogens with their characteristics:
Match the following hallucinogens with their characteristics:
Match the following effects with the correct drug class:
Match the following effects with the correct drug class:
Match the following symptoms with their corresponding drug category:
Match the following symptoms with their corresponding drug category:
Match the following aspects of drug use with their associated categories:
Match the following aspects of drug use with their associated categories:
Match the following terms related to hallucinogens with their definitions:
Match the following terms related to hallucinogens with their definitions:
Match the following characteristics with their relevant effects:
Match the following characteristics with their relevant effects:
Match the following symptoms with the drug effects they relate to:
Match the following symptoms with the drug effects they relate to:
Match the effects of hallucinogens with their specific symptoms:
Match the effects of hallucinogens with their specific symptoms:
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Study Notes
Drugs
- Drugs are chemical substances that have an effect on the body
- They can be pharmacological (for health purposes) or recreational (psychoactive)
- Examples of legal drugs include over-the-counter medications, prescription drugs, alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine.
- Illegal drugs are not prescribed by a licensed medical professional.
- Examples of illegal drugs include: ecstasy (MDMA), heroin, cocaine, opioids, and methamphetamine.
Mental Health and Substance Use
- Substance use and mental health are connected.
- Mental illness can lead to substance use and addiction.
- Long-term drug use can lead to the development of mental illness.
Addiction
- Addiction is a strong urge to do something that is hard to control or stop.
- You can develop an addiction to many things, not just drugs.
Drug misuse and abuse
- Drug misuse is the improper use of medicine
- Drug abuse is the intentional improper use of a drug.
Categories of Drugs
- CNS Depressant drugs slow down the central nervous system
- CNS Stimulants speed up the central nervous system
- Hallucinogens alter perception, mood and cognitive processes
- Dissociative Anesthetics cause feelings of being separated from the body or the environment
- Narcotic Analgesics provide pain relief
- Inhalants contain substances that are inhaled for a psychoactive effect
- Cannabis includes products from the cannabis plant
CNS Depressants
- Examples include benzodiazepines, barbiturates, opiates, and alcohol
- Benzodiazepines are used for their calming and relaxing effects.
- Barbiturates can act as a sedative in small doses and induce sleep in larger doses.
- Opiates can be prescribed to reduce pain, they include heroin, morphine, and codeine.
- Alcohol commonly used as a recreational drug.
Effects of CNS Depressants
- Slurred speech
- Poor concentration
- Confusion
- Headache
- Light-headedness
- Dizziness
- Restlessness
- Agitation
- Dry mouth
- Slowed breathing
- Blurred vision
- Reduced heart rate
- Problems with movement
- Problems with memory
- Low blood pressure
- Muscle weakness
CNS Stimulants
- Stimulants speed up the central nervous system.
- Examples include caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine.
- Amphetamines can be prescribed to treat ADHD and narcolepsy, they can also be used recreationally.
- Methamphetamine is highly addictive and has devastating side effects.
- Cocaine is a powerful and short-acting stimulant.
Effects of CNS Stimulants
- Euphoria
- Decreased appetite
- Talkativeness
- Energy
- Increased concentration
- Difficulty sleeping
- Nervousness
Hallucinogens
- Also known as psychedelic drugs
- These drugs cause altered perceptions, mood, and cognitive processes.
- Examples include LSD, psilocybin (mushrooms), and PCP.
Effects of Hallucinogens
- Hallucinations
- Distorted perception
- Sweating
- Anxiety
- Agitation
- Paranoia
- Increased body temperature
- Nausea
- Increased heart rate
- Loss of appetite
- Problems sleeping
- Dry mouth
Dissociative Anesthetics
- Detach people from reality.
- Examples include ketamine and phencyclidine (PCP)
Effects of Dissociative Anesthetics
- Drowsiness
- Slow, ineffective breathing
- Respiratory depression
- Increased heart rate
- Anesthesia
- Amnesia
- Loss of muscle control
Narcotic Analgesics
- These drugs provide pain relief.
- Examples include morphine, codeine and heroin.
Effects of Narcotic Analgesics
- Constipation
- Breathing difficulty
- Itching
- Skin rash
- Loss of appetite
- Low blood pressure
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Problems with urination
- Sedation
- Euphoria
- Respiratory depression
- Physical dependence
Inhalants
- Inhalants include easily available products, such as spray paints, markers, glues, and cleaning fluids.
- Inhalants contain dangerous substances that have psychoactive effects.
Effects Of Inhalants
- Disorientation
- Feeling of well-being
- Lowered inhibitions
- Excitement
- Euphoria
- Giggling
- Laughing
- Agitation
- Unease
- Aggression
- Hallucinations
- Delusions
- Confusion
- Disorientation
- Blackout
- Convulsions
- Coma
Cannabis
- Commonly used as a recreational drug.
- Products derived from the cannabis plant.
- Also known as weed, marijuana, pot.
- It is used for medical purposes, such as the management of MS and nerve pain.
Effects of Cannabis
- Feeling relaxed
- Euphoria
- Increased appetite
- Dry mouth
- Red eyes
- Impaired memory
- Difficulty concentrating
- Hallucinations (rarely)
- Anxiety
- Paranoia
- Panic
- Increased heart rate
- Slowed reaction times
- Increased risk of psychosis
- Impaired driving
- Dependence
- Respiratory problems
Drugs
- Drugs are chemical substances that are administered or taken to incite a biological effect in the body of an organism
- Drugs can be pharmacological in nature (used for health-related purposes) or recreational (which are mostly psychoactive)
- Drugs are substances that change a person's mental or physical state
Legal & Illegal Drugs
- Legal drugs can be prescribed by doctors or health care providers and are sold in stores
- Legal drugs are known as over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription (Rx) drugs
- Legal drugs include alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine
- Illegal drugs are not prescribed by a licensed medical professional
- Illegal drugs are also called “street drugs”
- Some examples of illegal drugs are ecstasy (MDMA), heroin, cocaine, opioids, and methamphetamine
Mental Health & Substance Use
- Substance use and mental health are connected
- Mental illnesses may lead to substance use and addiction
- Long-term drug use can lead to the development of mental illness
Addiction
- Addiction is an urge to do something that is hard to control or stop
- People can have many different types of addictions
Over-the-Counter Drugs
- Medicines that are sold WITHOUT a doctor’s prescription
- Over-the-counter drugs are CNS Depressants
- Central Nervous System Depressants slow the central nervous system
- Over-the-counter drugs may be prescribed to treat:
- Anxiety
- Muscle spasms
- Sleep disorders
Depressants
- Depressants are Central Nervous System (CNS) Depressants
- Depressants slow down brain activity.
- Depressants include:
- Opiates
- Heroin
- Barbiturates
- Benzodiazepines
- Alcohol
- Tranquilizers
Opiates
- Drugs made from the seeds of poppy plants
- Medically used to relieve pain and dull senses
- Heroin is an opiate that is made from morphine
- Heroin is highly addictive, and a high rate of overdose
Central Nervous System (CNS) Depressant
- Effects of CNS Depressants:
- Slurred speech
- Poor concentration
- Muscle weakness
- Confusion
- Headache
- Light-headedness
- Dizziness
- Stuttering
- Restlessness and agitation
- Dry mouth
- Slowed breathing
- Blurred, altered, or double vision
- Problems with movement and memory
- Lowered blood pressure
- Problems with thought, memory, and judgment
Central Nervous System (CNS) Stimulants
- CNS Stimulants include caffeine, nicotine, and amphetamines
- CNS Stimulants are associated with increased heart rate, alertness, and heightened energy
- Stimulants stimulate the brain by speeding up both mental and physical processes
- CNS Stimulants increase energy, improve attention and alertness, and elevate blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate
Stimulants
- Stimulants speed up activities of the central nervous system
- Stimulants may be prescribed to treat various disorders
- Stimulants include:
- Amphetamines
- Methamphetamine
- Cocaine
Amphetamines
- Amphetamines are prescription drugs that can be sold illegally
- Amphetamines are also known as “Speed” and “uppers”
- There is a hard crash when the drug wears off, which causes the user to want to take another to get “up” again
Methamphetamine
- Methamphetamine is made from various over-the-counter ingredients in a meth lab
- Methamphetamine is highly addictive, with devastating side effects
Cocaine
- Cocaine is a powerful, short-acting stimulant
- Cocaine is highly addictive
- Cocaine can cause seizures, heart attack, and respiratory failure
- Free-basing turns cocaine into Crack
Central Nervous System (CNS) Stimulants
- Effects of CNS Stimulants:
- Euphoria
- Decreased appetite
- Talkativeness
- Energy
- Increased concentration
- Difficulty sleeping
Symptoms of CNS Stimulant Use
- Talkativeness and nervousness, which can progress to significant anxiety and aggression
Narcotic Analgesics
- Prescription pain relievers are ordered for the treatment of moderate to severe pain
- Narcotic Analgesics reduce inflammation and relieve pain
Narcotic Analgesics
- Effects of Narcotic Analgesics:
- Sedation
- Euphoria
- Respiratory depression
- Constipation
- Physical dependence
- Low blood pressure
- Nausea and vomiting
- Problems with urination
Symptoms Narcotic Analgesic Use
- Constipation
- Breathing difficulty
- Itching or a skin rash
- Loss of appetite
Inhalants
- Inhalants are various products easily bought and found in the home or workplace such as spray paints, markers, glues, and cleaning fluids
- Inhalants contain dangerous substances that have psychoactive (mind-altering) properties
Inhalants
- Effects of Inhalants:
- Initial “rush” or “high”
- Feeling of wellbeing
- Lowered inhibitions
- Excited, euphoric, giggling and laughing
- Agitated, uneasy and aggressive
- Hallucinations and delusions
- Confusion and disorientation
- Headaches
Symptoms of Inhalant Use
- Feeling disorientated
- Increased coordination
- Visual distortions
- Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
- Bloodshot eyes
- Increased confidence which can lead to risky behaviour
- Blackout, convulsions, coma
Cannabis
- Cannabis (marijuana) is commonly used as a recreational drug
- People commonly use cannabis to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) and nerve pain
- Cannabis products are made from the dried flowers, leaves, stems and seeds of the cannabis plant (cannabis sativa)
Cannabis
- Cannabis is also known as weed (pot, marijuana)
- Cannabis is smoked in joints and pipes, consumed in foods or beverages, and used in creams or oils
- Cannabis comes from a plant called a sativa plant
- Potential Negative Effects of Cannabis Use:
- Increased hunger
- Loss of coordination
- Hallucinations
- Memory loss
- Decreased concentration
- Lung disease
- Cannabis smoke contains carcinogens (cancer causing agents)
Cannabis
- Effects of Cannabis:
- Pleasant euphoria
- Sense of relaxation
- Laughter
- Altered perception of time
- Increased appetite
- Fatigue and lethargy
Symptoms of Cannabis Use
- Bloodshot eyes
- Dry mouth
- Impaired balance
- Poor coordination
- Excessive sleepiness
- Lack of attention to grooming and hygiene
### Types of Drugs
- Prescription drugs can be harmful if directions are not followed
- Prescription drugs can only be obtained with a written order from a doctor
- Prescription drugs have a higher potential for harm than over-the-counter (OTC) drugs
- Illegal drugs are chemical substances that people may make, possess, buy, consume, or distribute
- Drug misuse is the improper use of medicine
- Drug abuse is the intentional improper use of medicine
### Pharmaceutical and Psychoactive Drugs
- Pharmaceutical drugs are substances that are used to prevent or cure a disease or ailment or to alleviate symptoms
- Psychoactive drugs are substances that affect mental processes when taken or administered into someone’s system
- Psychoactive drugs can affect thinking, perception, and emotion
- Psychoactive drugs may be prescribed to treat various disorders
- Examples of psychoactive drugs include amphetamines, methamphetamine, and cocaine
### Central Nervous System (CNS) Stimulants
- CNS stimulants are drugs that increase alertness and energy
- CNS stimulants cause accelerated heartbeat and a rise in blood pressure
- Some CNS stimulants include amphetamines, methamphetamine, and cocaine
### Hallucinogens
- Hallucinogens are drugs that distort perception, thought, and mood
- Hallucinogens have no medical use
- Three main types of hallucinogens are LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), psilocybin (“magic mushrooms”), and PCP (phencyclidine)
### Dissociative Anesthetics
- Dissociative anesthetics are drugs that can cause hallucinations and changes in thoughts, emotions, and consciousness
- Dissociative anesthetics can cause amnesia
### Narcotic Analgesics
- Narcotic analgesics are prescription pain relievers used to treat moderate to severe pain
- Some adverse effects of narcotic analgesics include constipation, breathing difficulty, and physical dependence
Inhalants
- Inhalants can be found in various products easily bought and found in the home or workplace such as spray paints, markers, glues, and cleaning fluids
- Inhalants contain dangerous substances that have psychoactive properties
### Cannabis
- Cannabis is a psychoactive drug also called Marijuana
- Cannabis comes from the plant called Cannabis Sativa
- Cannabis products are made from the dried flowers, leaves, stems, and seeds of the cannabis plant
- Potential negative effects of cannabis use include:
- Increased hunger
- Loss of coordination
- Hallucinations
- Memory loss
- Decreased concentration
- Lung disease
- Cannabis smoke contains carcinogens (cancer-causing agents)
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