Questions and Answers
What is the therapeutic classification of Cefazolin?
Anti-infectives.
What is the pharmacological classification of Cefazolin?
First generation cephalosporins
What is the mechanism of action of Cefazolin?
Binds to bacterial cell wall membrane, causing cell death.
What are the therapeutic effects of Cefazolin?
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What is the spectrum of activity of Cefazolin?
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What is the typical dosage and route of administration for Cefazolin in adult patients with moderate-to-severe infections?
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What critical nursing responsibilities should be taken when administering Cefazolin?
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What patient teaching is important for those receiving Cefazolin?
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Study Notes
Therapeutic Classification
- Cefazolin (Ancef) is classified as an anti-infective, used to combat infections.
Pharmacological Classification
- It belongs to the first generation of cephalosporins, a group of antibiotics effective against certain bacteria.
Mechanism of Action
- The drug binds to bacterial cell wall membranes, leading to cell death, which makes it effective in treating bacterial infections.
Therapeutic Effects
- Exhibits a bactericidal action, meaning it kills susceptible bacteria.
Spectrum of Activity
- Actively targets many gram-positive cocci like:
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
- Penicillinase-producing staphylococci
- Not effective against:
- Methicillin-resistant staphylococci
- Bacteroides fragilis
- Enterococcus
- Effective against specific gram-negative rods, including:
- Proteus mirabilis
- Escherichia coli
Dosage and Route
- For moderate-to-severe infections in adults, doses of 500 mg to 2 g every 6-8 hours, with a maximum dosage of 12 g/day.
- For mild infections with gram-positive cocci, doses of 250-500 mg every 8 hours.
- Specific dosages for:
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: 1 g every 12 hours.
- Pneumococcal pneumonia: 500 mg every 12 hours.
- Infective endocarditis or septicemia: 1-1.5 g every 6 hours.
- Perioperative prophylaxis: 1 g within 30-60 minutes before incision, with additional dosing as needed.
Critical Nursing Responsibilities
- Avoid confusion with similar drugs like cefotetan and ceftriaxone.
- For IM administration, reconstitute doses properly using sterile water for injection.
- Inject deeply into muscle; massage post-injection.
- For IV administration, monitor for signs of thrombophlebitis and change sites regularly.
- Do not use cloudy solutions; flush lines if multiple medications are necessary.
- Administer IV solutions carefully, respecting concentration limits and infusion rates.
Patient Teaching
- Educate patients to report signs of superinfection such as unusual tongue growth, vaginal issues, or changes in stool.
- Advise to inform healthcare providers of any rash or gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly blood in diarrhea.
- Warn patients against self-treating diarrhea without consulting a healthcare professional.
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Test your knowledge on Cefazolin (Ancef) with these flashcards. The quiz covers therapeutic and pharmacological classifications, mechanism of action, and therapeutic effects. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.
