Drug Metabolism and Pharmacological Action Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the bimodal acetylation pattern of drugs like isoniazid in the human population?

  • Acetylation modulation
  • Acetylation variation
  • Acetylation biogenesis
  • Acetylation polymorphism (correct)
  • Which enzyme activity mainly causes the genetic variation leading to differences in acetylation patterns among individuals?

  • N-acetyltransferase activity (correct)
  • Monoamine oxidase activity
  • Methyltransferase activity
  • Sulfotransferase activity
  • Individuals classified as rapid acetylators are more likely to exhibit which of the following responses to drugs?

  • Developing allergic reactions
  • Experiencing adverse reactions
  • Showing inadequate therapeutic responses (correct)
  • Having optimal drug efficacy
  • In methylation, what is the primary source of the methyl group used in the metabolic reactions?

    <p><strong>S-adenosylmethionine</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biological activity does methylation aim to terminate by acting on biogenic amines like norepinephrine and histamine?

    <p><strong>Terminating biological activity</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    In methylation, what is the primary purpose of the metabolic pathway with respect to endogenous compounds?

    <p><strong>Biosynthesis of endogenous compounds</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is often involved in methylation reactions?

    <p>Methyltransferases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) in metabolism?

    <p>It is a methyl donor in methylation reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of metabolites can be formed from methylation reactions?

    <p>Methylated products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quaternary ammonium derivatives are often used for which purpose?

    <p>As antimicrobial agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these factors can affect the rate of drug metabolism?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stereoselectivity in drug metabolism?

    <p>The preferential interaction of one enantiomer with drug-metabolizing enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is created when methylation leads to a polar or water-soluble metabolite?

    <p>Quaternary ammonium derivative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme catalyzes methylation reactions using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)?

    <p>Methyltransferases (MTs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for terminating the activity of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and dopamine through O-methylation?

    <p>Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coenzyme is involved in the methylation of histamine, serotonin, and epinephrine by specific transferases?

    <p>S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drugs undergo significant O-methylation, N-methylation, and S-methylation by various Methyltransferases?

    <p>Drugs with aromatic amines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional group required for the enzyme COMT to carry out methylation in the above-mentioned drugs?

    <p>Catecholic functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

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