Drug Half-Life and Protein Binding Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the reasons for a long half-life of a drug in the body?

  • Small volume of distribution
  • High drug metabolism rate
  • Favorable molecular properties for rapid elimination
  • Low degree of protein binding (correct)

    • Why does diazepam have a long elimination half-life?

  • Small volume of distribution
  • Low lipophilicity
  • Extensive drug metabolism
  • Low extraction ratio (correct)

    • What is the main cause for the longer elimination half-life of diazepam in some subjects?

  • Small volume of distribution
  • Genetic polymorphism affecting drug clearance (correct)
  • Large extraction ratio
  • High drug metabolism rate

    • Which factor contributes to the variations in diazepam metabolism among individuals?

    <p>Genetic polymorphism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In subjects who are fast metabolizers, what still contributes to the long elimination half-lives of diazepam?

    <p>Small volume of distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of drug protein binding on the clearance and half-life of diazepam?

    <p>Protein binding prolongs clearance and half-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a decrease in protein binding affect drug distribution?

    <p>Increases availability of drug to interact at receptor sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does an increased free drug concentration have on drug distribution?

    <p>Enhances drug crossing cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation is used to relate VD, Cl, and half-life of drugs?

    <p>$\ln 2 \times \frac{D}{Cl}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an increase in free drug concentration lead to in terms of pharmacologic effects?

    <p>Intensified pharmacologic effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a decrease in protein binding affect the metabolism of a drug?

    <p>Increases the rate of metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In pharmacokinetics, how would a lower total steady-state drug concentration but similar steady-state free drug concentration be explained?

    <p>Increased metabolism rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor contributing to the loss of drug from the receptor site?

    <p>Dose rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can rapid IV injection affect the intensity of action of highly protein-bound drugs?

    <p>Increase the intensity of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the observed effect on the hypotensive effect of diazoxide when injected rapidly IV compared to a slower injection?

    <p>Increased hypotensive effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the free diazoxide serum level when the serum levels were 100 mg/mL?

    <p>20.6%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the slow injection of diazoxide affect its free serum level?

    <p>Decreased the free serum level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor contributed to the transient high free diazoxide concentration after a rapid IV injection?

    <p>Initial saturation of protein-binding sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

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