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Drug-Food Interactions: Mechanisms and Effects

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Drug-Food Interactions: Mechanisms and Effects

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which food can interact with drugs to affect their absorption?

Directly binding to the drug and preventing its absorption (correct)

Forming complexes with the drugs that are less easily absorbed

Inhibiting cytochrome P-450 metabolism of the drugs

Inhibiting enteric esterase activity to increase stability of ester prodrugs

Which of the following is an example of a pharmacodynamic interaction between food and drugs?

Organic anion transporting polypeptides facilitating the uptake of drugs in the body

Grapefruit juice inhibiting cytochrome P-450 metabolism of antihypertensive drugs

Some foods decreasing or increasing drug effects and toxicity by interfering with drug actions and mechanisms (correct)

Esterases in the intestine metabolizing inactive prodrugs to their active form

How do flavonoids in grapefruit juice and orange juice affect the bioavailability of anticancer drugs?

They inhibit P-glycoprotein, decreasing drug efflux from cells and increasing bioavailability (correct)

They inhibit cytochrome P-450, increasing drug metabolism and reducing bioavailability

They inhibit organic anion transporting polypeptides, decreasing drug uptake and reducing bioavailability

They form complexes with the anticancer drugs, reducing their absorption

How does a high-salt diet affect the excretion of lithium?

A high-salt diet decreases the reabsorption of lithium in the kidney tubules, leading to increased lithium excretion Signup and view all the answers

How does the pH of urine affect the half-life (t1/2) of acidic drugs?

Acidic urine increases the t1/2 of acidic drugs because the drug remains in its unionized form Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a food-drug interaction involving transporters in the gastrointestinal tract?

Green tea inhibiting organic anion transporting polypeptides, resulting in reduced nadolol plasma concentration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which food can affect the absorption of drugs through pharmacokinetic interactions?

Inhibiting the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the effect of food on drug absorption?

Food can increase or decrease drug absorption depending on the specific drug and food components. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples illustrates a pharmacokinetic interaction involving drug absorption due to food?

Milk decreasing the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics by binding to them and forming insoluble complexes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs requires an acidic environment for optimal absorption, and thus can be affected by food that alters the gastrointestinal pH?

Ketoconazole Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the effect of food on the absorption of griseofulvin?

The absorption of griseofulvin is increased by the presence of fat in the food. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is an example of a pharmacokinetic interaction where food decreases its absorption?

Azithromycin Signup and view all the answers