Drug-Food Interactions: Mechanisms and Effects
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Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which food can interact with drugs to affect their absorption?

  • Directly binding to the drug and preventing its absorption (correct)
  • Forming complexes with the drugs that are less easily absorbed
  • Inhibiting cytochrome P-450 metabolism of the drugs
  • Inhibiting enteric esterase activity to increase stability of ester prodrugs

    • Which of the following is an example of a pharmacodynamic interaction between food and drugs?

  • Organic anion transporting polypeptides facilitating the uptake of drugs in the body
  • Grapefruit juice inhibiting cytochrome P-450 metabolism of antihypertensive drugs
  • Some foods decreasing or increasing drug effects and toxicity by interfering with drug actions and mechanisms (correct)
  • Esterases in the intestine metabolizing inactive prodrugs to their active form

    • How do flavonoids in grapefruit juice and orange juice affect the bioavailability of anticancer drugs?

  • They inhibit P-glycoprotein, decreasing drug efflux from cells and increasing bioavailability (correct)
  • They inhibit cytochrome P-450, increasing drug metabolism and reducing bioavailability
  • They inhibit organic anion transporting polypeptides, decreasing drug uptake and reducing bioavailability
  • They form complexes with the anticancer drugs, reducing their absorption

    • How does a high-salt diet affect the excretion of lithium?

    <p>A high-salt diet decreases the reabsorption of lithium in the kidney tubules, leading to increased lithium excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the pH of urine affect the half-life (t1/2) of acidic drugs?

    <p>Acidic urine increases the t1/2 of acidic drugs because the drug remains in its unionized form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a food-drug interaction involving transporters in the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Green tea inhibiting organic anion transporting polypeptides, resulting in reduced nadolol plasma concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which food can affect the absorption of drugs through pharmacokinetic interactions?

    <p>Inhibiting the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the effect of food on drug absorption?

    <p>Food can increase or decrease drug absorption depending on the specific drug and food components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following examples illustrates a pharmacokinetic interaction involving drug absorption due to food?

    <p>Milk decreasing the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics by binding to them and forming insoluble complexes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs requires an acidic environment for optimal absorption, and thus can be affected by food that alters the gastrointestinal pH?

    <p>Ketoconazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the effect of food on the absorption of griseofulvin?

    <p>The absorption of griseofulvin is increased by the presence of fat in the food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is an example of a pharmacokinetic interaction where food decreases its absorption?

    <p>Azithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

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