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Questions and Answers
What is the importance of understanding medical terminology for pharmacists?
What is the importance of understanding medical terminology for pharmacists?
Why is effective communication of medical terms important in pharmacy?
Why is effective communication of medical terms important in pharmacy?
Which term refers to a condition that makes the use of a particular drug undesirable?
Which term refers to a condition that makes the use of a particular drug undesirable?
How does knowing medical terms contribute to safe medication practice?
How does knowing medical terms contribute to safe medication practice?
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What role does patient counseling play in a pharmacist's responsibilities?
What role does patient counseling play in a pharmacist's responsibilities?
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What is the benefit of continuous learning of medical terminology for pharmacists?
What is the benefit of continuous learning of medical terminology for pharmacists?
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Which of the following is NOT a reason for using medical terminology in pharmacy?
Which of the following is NOT a reason for using medical terminology in pharmacy?
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What does the term 'Efficacy' refer to in a pharmacological context?
What does the term 'Efficacy' refer to in a pharmacological context?
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What is a 'Medication Order'?
What is a 'Medication Order'?
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What does 'Bioavailability' measure in pharmacology?
What does 'Bioavailability' measure in pharmacology?
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What is a key characteristic of tablets compared to capsules?
What is a key characteristic of tablets compared to capsules?
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Which dosage form is specifically characterized as containing solid particles dispersed in a liquid and requires shaking before use?
Which dosage form is specifically characterized as containing solid particles dispersed in a liquid and requires shaking before use?
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Which of the following dosage forms is specifically designed to deliver medication through the bloodstream via the skin?
Which of the following dosage forms is specifically designed to deliver medication through the bloodstream via the skin?
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What distinguishes syrups from elixirs in terms of their composition?
What distinguishes syrups from elixirs in terms of their composition?
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Which of the following accurately describes granules?
Which of the following accurately describes granules?
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What feature is common to all semi-solid dosage forms like ointments and gels?
What feature is common to all semi-solid dosage forms like ointments and gels?
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Which dosage form is typically used for medications requiring rectal or vaginal administration?
Which dosage form is typically used for medications requiring rectal or vaginal administration?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of injections classified as IM (intramuscular)?
Which of the following is a characteristic of injections classified as IM (intramuscular)?
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Study Notes
Drug Dosage Forms
- Solid dosage forms deliver medication via ingestion. Examples include tablets, capsules, powders, granules, and pills.
- Tablets are compressed medicated masses containing one or more active ingredients. Variations include coated tablets (modified release) and enteric-coated tablets (dissolve only in intestines).
- Capsules are gelatinous containers holding powdered, liquid, or granular medications. Hard capsules hold solids; soft gelatin capsules often house liquids.
- Powders are fine solid particles, often mixed with diluents or fillers for easier administration. They are administered orally or via inhalation.
- Granules resemble powders but have larger particle sizes, making them easier to swallow.
- Pills are drug mixtures with binders, usually spherical, made by compression or molding.
- Liquid dosage forms include solutions, suspensions, elixirs, syrups, and emulsions.
- Solutions are homogenous mixtures of medication dissolved in a solvent; easily measured and administered.
- Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures with solid particles suspended in a liquid; they must be shaken before use.
- Elixirs are sweetened hydroalcoholic solutions containing dissolved medication.
- Syrups are concentrated sugar solutions with dissolved medication.
- Emulsions are mixtures of two immiscible liquids, one dispersed in the other (e.g., oil-in-water).
- Semi-solid dosage forms include ointments, creams, gels, and transdermal patches.
- Ointments are semisolid topical preparations, typically petroleum-based.
- Creams are semisolid emulsions, offering greater water content than ointments. They can be oil- or water-based.
- Gels are semisolid systems with either small molecules dispersed in a liquid or macromolecules forming a viscous solution.
- Transdermal patches deliver medication through the skin, providing sustained release into the bloodstream.
- Inhalants deliver drugs via inhalation, often used for respiratory conditions.
- Suppositories are medications in a firm base that melts at body temperature for rectal, vaginal, or urethral insertion.
- Injections (parenteral) administer drugs via needle directly into body tissues or bloodstream. These are classified as intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), or subcutaneous (SC).
Glossary of Medical Terms (Pharmacy Perspective)
- Absorption is the process of a drug being taken up from the administration site into the bloodstream.
- Administration is the act of giving a drug to a patient.
- Adverse Effect is an undesirable or harmful reaction to a drug.
- Bioavailability is the portion of a drug reaching systemic circulation, expressed as a percentage of unchanged drug.
- Dosage is the amount of a drug administered.
- Drug Interaction is the change in a drug's effect by another drug or substance.
- Elimination is the removal of a drug from the body, including metabolism and excretion.
- Excretion is the removal of drugs or their metabolites from the body, primarily via the kidneys.
- Half-life is the time it takes for a drug's concentration in the body to decrease by half.
- Medication Order is a prescription or instruction for administering medication.
- Metabolism is the transformation of drugs into more water-soluble forms for easier excretion, primarily occurring in the liver.
- Onset is the time a drug takes to start working.
- Pharmacokinetics studies how the body affects a drug (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion).
- Pharmacodynamics studies how drugs affect the body.
- Potency is the amount of a drug needed to produce a specific effect.
- Side Effect is a secondary effect, usually less severe than an adverse reaction.
- Solubility is a drug's ability to dissolve in a liquid.
- Steady State is when drug administration equals drug elimination, resulting in a constant drug concentration in the body.
- Therapeutic Index is the ratio of toxic dose to therapeutic dose, a higher ratio indicating greater safety.
- Toxicity is the undesirable effects occurring at high drug doses.
- Vehicle is the substance carrying the drug in a dosage form.
- Therapeutic Range is the drug concentration in the blood for therapeutic effect without toxicity.
- Route of Administration is the method of introducing a drug into the body (e.g., oral, IV, topical).
- Efficacy is a drug's ability to produce a desired effect.
- Indication is a reason for using a drug.
- Contraindication is a condition in which a drug's use is undesirable or dangerous.
Medical Terms for Perspective in Pharmacy
- Pharmacists need accurate medical terminology for proper interpretation and dispensing of medications.
- Clear medical communication is crucial for pharmacists working with doctors, nurses, and patients to avoid misinterpretations of drug regimens, dosages, or instructions.
- Understanding medical terms aids pharmacists in confirming prescriptions, identifying potential drug interactions or contraindications, enabling safe medication practice.
- Pharmacists effectively counsel patients by explaining medical terms, promoting patient comprehension of medication usage, side effects, and adverse reactions.
- Continuous learning of medical terminology and related drug information strengthens pharmacists' professionalism and ensures the delivery of safe and appropriate medications.
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Description
Explore the various types of drug dosage forms, including solid forms like tablets and capsules, and liquid formulations like solutions and syrups. Understand the specific characteristics and applications of each form for effective medication delivery. Perfect for students or professionals in pharmacy and healthcare.
