Driving Safety and Risk Factors

Questions and Answers

What are risk factors?

Mechanical issues with a vehicle

Safe driving practices

Anything that can increase the possibility of a collision (correct)

Weather conditions

What is an example of a driver contributed risk factor?

Using your phone while driving (correct)

Poor road conditions

Driving with worn tires

Nighttime driving

What are vehicle-contributed factors?

Traffic signals

Weather conditions

Driver health

Vehicle conditions like bald tires (correct)

Which of the following are road- and environment-contributed factors?

Bright sun and dark shadows Signup and view all the answers

What does the IPDE process stand for?

Identify, Predict, Decide, Execute Signup and view all the answers

What is the zone control system?

An organized method for managing the space or six zones around your vehicle Signup and view all the answers

The three steps of the zone control system are: See a zone change, Check other zones, and ___ .

Create time and space by getting the best speed control, lane position, and communication Signup and view all the answers

What does IPDE Identify involve?

Looking/Identifying possible hazards as soon as possible Signup and view all the answers

What does HTS stand for?

Highway Transportation System Signup and view all the answers

What are Zones in driving context?

Six areas of space around the vehicle Signup and view all the answers

What is an Open Zone?

A space where you can drive free of restrictions to your line of sight or path of travel Signup and view all the answers

What does the term Line of Sight refer to?

The distance you can see ahead in the direction you are looking Signup and view all the answers

Define Target Area.

Section of roadway where the target is located and the area to the left and right of the target Signup and view all the answers

What is a Closed Zone?

A space not open because of restrictions in your line of sight or path of travel Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by Searching Range?

A certain distance ahead of the vehicle where the intended path of travel is systematically evaluated Signup and view all the answers

Define Target-area Range.

Space from your vehicle to the target area Signup and view all the answers

What is the 12-15 second range?

Area you will be traveling in during the next 12 to 15 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What is the 4-6 second range?

The searching range where you need to get the final update of how you are controlling your intended path of travel Signup and view all the answers

What is an orderly visual search pattern?

Process of searching critical areas in a regular sequence Signup and view all the answers

Define Field of Vision.

All of the area that is visible to the driver when looking straight ahead Signup and view all the answers

What does Depth Perception refer to?

The ability to judge relative distance of objects correctly Signup and view all the answers

Define Scanning.

The art of glancing continually and quickly with brief fixations of the eyes Signup and view all the answers

What is Ground Viewing?

Making quick glances to the roadway in front of your vehicle Signup and view all the answers

What does Predict involve in driving?

The ability to anticipate where a conflict might occur Signup and view all the answers

What does Execute mean in the driving context?

Carrying out the action that you have decided upon Signup and view all the answers

What is a Space Cushion?

An open area of space all around a vehicle Signup and view all the answers

Define Lane Position 1.

Center of the lane; this should be your selected and safest position under normal driving conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is Lane Position 2 used for?

When there is a closed right-front zone with an open left-front zone, a slight adjustment to the left if necessary Signup and view all the answers

What is Lane Position 3 used for?

Use this position when there is a closed left-front zone with an open right-front zone Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to Minimize a Hazard?

Reducing risk by putting more distance between yourself and the hazard Signup and view all the answers

What does Compromise Space involve?

Giving as much space as possible to the greater hazard Signup and view all the answers

What are Maneuvers?

Actions to reduce hazards Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Risk Factors

Risk factors increase the likelihood of collisions.
Driver-contributed factors arise from distractions such as using a phone, combing hair, or adjusting the radio.

Vehicle and Road Factors

Vehicle-contributed factors include equipment failures like bald tires, broken headlights, and worn wipers which heighten collision risk.
Road and environment-contributed factors encompass external conditions like bright sun, glare, icy roads, or construction.

IPDE Process

IPDE stands for Identify, Predict, Decide, Execute—steps for safe driving.
The Zone Control System helps manage six zones around the vehicle effectively.

Zone Control System

Involves three steps: recognizing a zone change, checking other zones, and optimizing speed control and lane position for safety.

Identifying Hazards

Identifying involves recognizing hazards early on to assess potential risks.
Six zones around the vehicle include open and closed categories.

Zones

An open zone permits driving without restrictions affecting the line of sight.
A closed zone contains limitations, obstructing line of sight or path of travel.

Vision and Scanning

Line of sight refers to the distance visible ahead in the driving direction.
The searching range evaluates the path of travel ahead, while target-area range identifies the space to the target.

Time Ranges

The 12-15 second range is where upcoming changes should be noted.
The 4-6 second range serves as the final update to control the path of travel.

Visual Skills

An orderly visual search pattern is essential for effective hazard detection.
Depth perception aids in accurately judging distances between objects.

Monitoring Techniques

Scanning involves quick glances to monitor surroundings effectively.
Ground viewing consists of short looks at the road directly in front of the vehicle.

Predicting Risks

Predicting hazards means anticipating potential conflicts with other road users—considered a challenging skill.

Execution and Spacing

Executing involves carrying out the necessary actions after decision-making.
A space cushion is an area of distance maintained around the vehicle to enhance safety.

Lane Positions

Lane position 1 is centered in the lane, ideal for standard conditions.
Lane position 2 is used when the right-front zone is closed, while lane position 3 is for a closed left-front zone.

Managing Hazards

To minimize a hazard, maintain maximal distance from it.
Compromising space means yielding more room to the larger hazard to ensure safety.

Maneuvers

Maneuvers refer to actions taken to alleviate hazards while driving.

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Description

This quiz covers crucial aspects of driving safety, including risk factors that increase collision likelihood, the IPDE process, and the Zone Control System. Understanding how vehicle, road, and driver-contributed factors influence safety is essential for all drivers. Test your knowledge and enhance your driving skills!