Draw Condensed and Line-Angle Formulas Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of compounds are the simplest organic compounds?

Alkanes

Functional groups

Cycloalkanes

Hydrocarbons (correct)

What is unique about carbon atoms compared to other elements?

They can form unstable covalent bonds

They can form stable covalent bonds with each other and with atoms of other elements (correct)

They can only form bonds with hydrogen atoms

They cannot form stable covalent bonds with each other

Why are compounds containing carbonate ions not considered part of organic chemistry?

They are not covalent compounds

They do not contain functional groups

They do not contain hydrogen atoms

They contain carbon and oxygen (correct)

In organic chemistry, compounds are divided into families based on what?

Functional groups Signup and view all the answers

Why are compounds containing carbonate ions and bicarbonate ions not considered part of organic chemistry?

They are not covalent compounds Signup and view all the answers

What products are formed when alkanes undergo complete combustion?

Carbon dioxide and water Signup and view all the answers

Which halogen combines explosively with most hydrocarbons?

Fluorine Signup and view all the answers

What is formed when chlorine reacts with methane?

Methyl chloride Signup and view all the answers

Which alkane has the highest boiling point?

Decane Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the relationship between stability and reactivity of halogens?

The more reactive, the less stable Signup and view all the answers

Which type of carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms?

Tertiary (3°) carbon atom Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular formula for an alkane with 'n' carbon atoms?

$C_nH_{2n+2}$ Signup and view all the answers

What shape does the methane molecule have?

Tetrahedral Signup and view all the answers

Which type of structural formula is most condensed?

Line-angle formula Signup and view all the answers

What are hydrocarbons made up of?

Carbon and hydrogen atoms Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for alkanes?

CnH2n+2 Signup and view all the answers

How are structural formulas of alkanes usually drawn?

As condensed or line-angle formulas Signup and view all the answers

What system is used to name alkanes by identifying the longest continuous chain and numbering its carbon atoms?

IUPAC system Signup and view all the answers

How are substituents named in alkanes?

Alphabetically Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the boiling points of alkanes as the number of carbon atoms increases?

They increase Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Alkanes are hydrocarbons with single bonds between carbon atoms and the general formula CnH2n+2.
Structural formulas of alkanes can be drawn as condensed or line-angle formulas.
IUPAC system is used to name alkanes by identifying the longest continuous chain (LCC) and numbering its carbon atoms, with the lowest number given to the carbon atoms with attached substituents.
Substituents are named alphabetically, and prefixes like iso, neo, and cyclo, indicate the substitution and the position.
The last alkyl group must be attached to the name of the parent alkane.
Cycloalkanes are cyclic hydrocarbons with single bonds and the simplest one having the formula C3H6.
IUPAC names for cycloalkanes are formed by adding the prefix "cyclo-" to the name of the open-chain compound with the same number of carbon atoms.
Alkanes and cycloalkanes are non-polar and insoluble in water, and their solubility decreases as the carbon atoms increase.
Alkanes and cycloalkanes have lower densities (0.6-0.8 g/ml) than water (1 g/ml) and float on the water surface.
Boiling points for alkanes and cycloalkanes increase with the number of carbon atoms, but decrease as branching increases in alkanes.
Alkanes from C1-4 are gases, while alkanes from C5-17 are liquids, and alkanes with more than 17 carbon atoms are solids.

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Description

Test your understanding of drawing condensed and line-angle formulas for organic compounds. Practice drawing the condensed formula from a given structural formula and vice versa.