Donepezil and Cognitive Dysfunction Medications Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary use of donepezil (Aricept)?

Treating overdoses of atropine

Treating myasthenia gravis

Enhancing memory in multiple sclerosis

Treating Alzheimer’s disease (correct)

Where does metabolism of donepezil primarily take place?

Stomach

Liver (correct)

Lungs

Kidneys

What is the peak of action for donepezil after oral administration?

1 to 2 hours

12 to 24 hours

30 minutes

3 to 8 hours (correct)

How does donepezil work to improve memory?

By increasing acetylcholine levels in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of plasma protein binding for donepezil?

96% Signup and view all the answers

Apart from Alzheimer’s disease, what other condition can be treated with donepezil?

Enhancing memory in multiple sclerosis Signup and view all the answers

Where is the primary excretion route for the metabolites and some unchanged drug of donepezil?

Urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of donepezil on acetylcholine in the brain?

Increases acetylcholine Signup and view all the answers

What type of cholinesterase inhibitor is donepezil?

Reversible Signup and view all the answers

How long can the drug delay the progression of Alzheimer’s disease according to long-term studies?

Up to 55 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the peak of action time for immediate-release memantine?

3 to 7 hours Signup and view all the answers

How often is the transdermal patch of rivastigmine applied?

Once daily Signup and view all the answers

Where does the metabolism of rivastigmine occur?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of memantine in preventing nerve damage?

Bind to the magnesium site to block excitatory function Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with the extended-release formulation of memantine?

Swallowed whole or sprinkled on applesauce Signup and view all the answers

What is rivastigmine approved for?

Mild to moderate dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for memantine?

Hypersensitivity reaction to the drug Signup and view all the answers

How long does oral rivastigmine last?

12 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of rivastigmine's mechanism of action?

Central cholinesterase Signup and view all the answers

What should be assessed in nursing implications for memantine?

Therapeutic effects, adverse effects, and preventing interactions Signup and view all the answers

Which population is more susceptible to adverse drug effects due to age-related physiologic changes and underlying health conditions?

Older adults Signup and view all the answers

What can impair the hepatic metabolism of donepezil, leading to increased adverse effects?

Liver disease Signup and view all the answers

For what purpose is donepezil used in critical illness?

To reduce cognitive dysfunction Signup and view all the answers

What may necessitate collaboration with responsible family members for patients with Alzheimer's disease receiving home care?

Medication administration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of donepezil?

GI bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication to donepezil?

Lung disease Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse assess before administering donepezil?

Blood sugar levels Signup and view all the answers

What should nurses carefully assess for in patients receiving donepezil?

Improved memory and reduction of dementia Signup and view all the answers

What are the patient teaching guidelines for donepezil?

Reporting specific side effects to the healthcare provider Signup and view all the answers

What is galantamine hydrobromide used for?

Dementia Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dosage Information for Donepezil and Related Drugs

Older adults are more susceptible to adverse drug effects due to age-related physiologic changes and underlying health conditions.
Liver disease can impair the hepatic metabolism of donepezil, leading to increased adverse effects, necessitating careful monitoring of liver function and clinical response.
Donepezil is used in critical illness to reduce cognitive dysfunction, particularly in critically ill patients who may have delirium, a form of acute cognitive dysfunction.
Patients with Alzheimer's disease receiving home care may have difficulty with medication administration, necessitating collaboration with responsible family members to ensure accurate drug administration.
Common adverse effects of donepezil include headache, dizziness, depression, vertigo, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal muscle cramps, anorexia, GI bleeding, breathing problems, fainting, heart disease, dyspnea, fatigue, anorexia, seizures, and trouble urinating.
Contraindications to donepezil include hypersensitivity to the drug, lung disease, and heart disease such as sick sinus syndrome.
Many medications interact with donepezil, either increasing or decreasing its effects.
Before administering donepezil, the nurse should assess the patient for allergy, orientation, and contraindications, and administer the medication at bedtime each day.
Nurses should carefully assess for therapeutic effects, including improved memory and reduction of dementia, as well as adverse effects such as GI upset and GI bleeding.
Patient teaching guidelines for donepezil include taking the drug as prescribed, placing orally disintegrating tablet on the tongue, continuing the drug even if no change in symptoms is noted, arranging regular blood tests and follow-up visits, and reporting specific side effects to the healthcare provider.
Galantamine hydrobromide is a drug similar to donepezil, used for mild to moderate dementia and vascular dementia, with contraindications for severe hepatic or renal impairment.
Patients and families should receive instructions about reporting any changes in mental status when taking galantamine hydrobromide.

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Description

Test your knowledge of dosage information, adverse effects, contraindications, and patient teaching guidelines for donepezil and related drugs used in the management of cognitive dysfunction and dementia, particularly in older adults. This quiz covers important considerations for administering these medications and monitoring patient response.