Dog Dental Formula and Tooth Anatomy
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Dog Dental Formula and Tooth Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What part of the tooth is covered by enamel and remains mostly consistent throughout its life?

  • Anatomical crown (correct)
  • Neck
  • Clinical crown
  • Cusp

    • Which type of tooth has a horizontal cutting end referred to as the incisal ridge?

  • Premolars
  • Incisors (correct)
  • Molars
  • Canines

    • Under which condition would the clinical crown appear longer than the anatomical crown?

  • Gingival recession (correct)
  • Excessive wear from attrition
  • Normal eruption of teeth
  • Dental caries

    • What is the total number of permanent teeth in a dog according to the provided dental formula?

    <p>21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the tooth is visible in the oral cavity and can vary in length due to gingiva level?

    <p>Crown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many premolars are present in each quadrant of the mouth?

    <p>Two premolars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the first molar in relation to the midline?

    <p>Sixth tooth from the midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes canine teeth?

    <p>Canines are considered anterior teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines molars in regard to their position in each quadrant?

    <p>They are the last three teeth in the quadrant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of teeth are classified as anterior teeth?

    <p>Incisors and canines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes primary dentition from permanent dentition?

    <p>Primary dentition is also known as deciduous dentition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does primary dentition begin to erupt?

    <p>At 6 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which teeth are included in each quadrant of primary dentition?

    <p>Two incisors, one canine, and two molars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the period when both primary and permanent teeth are present in the mouth?

    <p>Mixed dentition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of shedding in primary dentition?

    <p>To allow the eruption of permanent teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is covered by the parotid papilla in the cheek?

    <p>Stensen's duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the mouth is characterized by the presence of two bilateral bulges beneath the tongue?

    <p>Floor of the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the hard palate from the soft palate?

    <p>The hard palate is located towards the front of the mouth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of teeth is primarily responsible for cutting food?

    <p>Incisors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the smooth white line found on the inner lining of the cheeks?

    <p>Linea alba buccalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the anatomical root from the clinical root of a tooth?

    <p>Anatomical root is covered by cementum while clinical root is beneath the gum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the tooth is primarily responsible for attaching to the periodontal ligament?

    <p>Cementum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enamel in tooth structure?

    <p>It serves as the outer protective coating and resists chewing forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are multiple-rooted teeth classified based on the number of roots?

    <p>Multiple roots can be bifurcated (two roots) or trifurcated (three roots).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the cemento-enamel junction located?

    <p>At the junction between the crown and root.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many total permanent teeth are present in humans?

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of molars present in a rat's dental formula?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of the dental formula for rats?

    <p>They have no premolars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the human dental formula, what does 'I' stand for?

    <p>Incisors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of teeth on one side of the upper and lower dental arches for humans?

    <p>16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area called where the upper and lower lips meet?

    <p>Commissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which groove runs horizontally under the lower lip?

    <p>Labiomental groove</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tissue surrounds the cervical portion of the teeth?

    <p>Gingiva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structure is indicated by the term 'nasolabial groove'?

    <p>A diagonal line from the nostril to the lip corner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is NOT part of the oral cavity as described?

    <p>Maxilla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of permanent teeth in a human, including both maxillary and mandibular jaws?

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which teeth succeed the deciduous molars in permanent dentition?

    <p>Premolars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes non-succedaneous teeth from succedaneous teeth in the permanent dentition?

    <p>They do not have predecessors in the deciduous set.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a quadrant of adult dentition, how many incisors are present?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the dental formula represents the teeth on one side of the mouth?

    <p>One side of dental arrangement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the pulp chamber primarily contain?

    <p>Pulp tissue and pulp horns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature is formed by the pulp chamber extending into the crown?

    <p>Pulp horns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the root canal terminate?

    <p>At the apex of the root</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about accessory canals in root canals?

    <p>They may open along the lateral surface of the root</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the shape of the root canal typically compare to the root of the tooth?

    <p>It mirrors the shape of the root</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the teeth located in the upper arch called?

    <p>Maxillary teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many quadrants are there in the dental arches of the human mouth?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of teeth are the two front teeth in each quadrant?

    <p>Incisors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the midline that divides each dental arch into halves?

    <p>Midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of human teeth, which quadrant would contain the upper right incisors?

    <p>Maxillary right quadrant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Dog Dental Formula

    • Incisors: 3 deciduous, 1 permanent on top, 3 deciduous, 3 permanent on bottom
    • Canines: 1 deciduous, 1 permanent on top, 1 deciduous, 1 permanent on bottom
    • Premolars: 3 deciduous, 3 permanent on top, 3 deciduous, 4 permanent on bottom
    • Molars: 0 deciduous, 2 permanent on top, 3 deciduous, 3 permanent on bottom
    • Total deciduous teeth: 14
    • Total permanent teeth: 21

    Tooth Anatomy

    • Each tooth has a crown, root, and neck
    • Crown: The visible part of the tooth, covered in enamel
      • Ends in different ways depending on the type of tooth:
        • Incisor: horizontal cutting edge called incisal ridge
        • Canine, premolar, molar: tapered, sharply pointed end called cusp
    • Root: The part of the tooth below the gum line, covered by cementum
      • Single rooted or multiple rooted; can be bifucation (2 roots) or trifurcation (3 roots)
    • Neck: Junction between the crown and root
      • Cervical border where enamel and cementum meet (cemento-enamel junction, CEJ)

    ### Tooth Micro-anatomy

    • Enamel: Hardest tissue in the body, covers the crown
    • Cementum: Dull yellow tissue covering the root, helps attach the periodontal ligament
    • Dentin: Yellowish hard tissue located under the enamel and cementum
    • Pulp: Soft tissue inside the tooth, contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves

    Oral Structures

    • Lips: Upper and lower lips meet at the commissure
      • Nasolabial groove: Runs diagonally downward from the nostril to the corner of the lip
      • Labiomental groove: Runs horizontally under the lower lip
    • Gingiva: Masticatory tissue surrounding the cervical portion of the teeth, firmly attached to teeth and bone
    • Cheek: Inner lining is smooth, has a white line (linea alba buccalis) where teeth meet
      • Parotid papilla: Round elevation of tissue on the cheek, covers the parotid duct (Stensen's duct)
    • Tongue: Broad, flat organ made of muscle fibers and glands, responsible for manipulating food during chewing; primary organ for taste
    • Floor of the Mouth: Shiny, may have visible blood vessels, two bilateral bulges due to large salivary glands
    • Roof of the Mouth (Palate):
      • Hard palate: Front portion
      • Soft palate: Posterior portion, sometimes reddish
      • Vibrating line: Junction of hard and soft palates
      • Uvula: Small, fleshy structure hanging from the soft palate

    Teeth

    • Two arches: maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower)
    • Four quadrants: maxillary right, mandibular right, maxillary left, mandibular left
    • Types of teeth:
      • Incisors: Two front teeth in each quadrant
        • Central incisor: First tooth next to midline
        • Lateral incisor: Second tooth
      • Canines: One canine in each quadrant, third tooth from the midline
      • Premolars (bicuspids): Two premolars in each quadrant
        • First premolar: Fourth tooth from the midline
        • Second premolar: Fifth tooth from the midline
      • Molars: Three molars in each quadrant
        • First molar: Sixth tooth from the midline
        • Second molar: Seventh tooth from the midline
        • Third molar: Eighth tooth from the midline

    Dentitions

    • Deciduous (primary) dentition: Exfoliates/shed
      • Begins around 6 months, ends at 6 years
      • Eruption begins at 6 months (lower central incisor), ends at 2 years (upper second deciduous molar)
      • Called milk teeth, baby teeth, or temporary teeth
      • 20 teeth total: 10 maxillary, 10 mandibular (5 in each quadrant)
        • Two incisors
        • One canine
        • Two molars
    • Mixed dentition: Period when permanent and deciduous teeth coexist
      • Starts with eruption of the first permanent molar (around 6 years), ends around 12
      • Deciduous teeth are shed, permanent erupt into their place
    • Permanent dentition: Adult teeth, begins around 12 years, lasts throughout life
      • 32 teeth total: 16 maxillary, 16 mandibular (8 in each quadrant)
        • Two incisors
        • One canine
        • Two premolars
        • Three molars
    • Important Considerations:
      • Permanent premolars replace deciduous molars
      • Permanent molars are not preceded by deciduous teeth (non-succedaneous)
      • There are 12 more permanent teeth than deciduous teeth (3 molars per quadrant)

    Dental Formula

    • Expresses type and number of teeth in one side of the mouth
    • Human deciduous tooth formula: 2/2 | 1/1 | 0/0 | 2/2 | = 10
    • Human permanent tooth formula: 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | = 16
      • I: Incisors
      • C: Canines
      • PM: Premolars
      • M: Molars

    Rat Dental Formula

    • 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | = 8
    • Only permanent teeth

    Pulp Cavity

    • Divided into pulp chamber and root canal
    • Pulp chamber: Widened portion of the pulp located in the center of the crown
      • Extends into cusps or mamelons, forming pulp horns
    • Root canal: Located within the tooth root
      • Terminates at the apical foramen, where neurovascular bundles enter
      • Shape mirrors that of the root
      • May have accessory canals or multiple canals with separate foramina

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    Description

    This quiz covers the dental formula of dogs, detailing both deciduous and permanent teeth. It also explores the anatomy of teeth, including the crown, root, and neck. Test your knowledge on canine tooth structures and their functions.

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