Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of RNA?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of RNA?
- Contains uracil
- Double-stranded structure (correct)
- Contains ribose sugar
- Often single-stranded
DNA synthesis is the intermediate for proteins.
DNA synthesis is the intermediate for proteins.
False (B)
What type of bonds do DNA and RNA polymerase catalyze to connect the backbone?
What type of bonds do DNA and RNA polymerase catalyze to connect the backbone?
phosphodiester bonds
During transcription, RNA polymerase links __________ to a growing mRNA chain.
During transcription, RNA polymerase links __________ to a growing mRNA chain.
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
What is the primary difference in building blocks used by RNA and DNA polymerase?
What is the primary difference in building blocks used by RNA and DNA polymerase?
DNA polymerase requires primers to initiate synthesis.
DNA polymerase requires primers to initiate synthesis.
According to the material, what is the ultimate purpose of RNA synthesis?
According to the material, what is the ultimate purpose of RNA synthesis?
During transcription, once the DNA is open, one strand acts as the __________ for RNA synthesis.
During transcription, once the DNA is open, one strand acts as the __________ for RNA synthesis.
Which of the following is a key difference between DNA replication and transcription?
Which of the following is a key difference between DNA replication and transcription?
Both DNA and RNA use the nitrogenous base Thymine.
Both DNA and RNA use the nitrogenous base Thymine.
What is the type of sugar found in RNA?
What is the type of sugar found in RNA?
Many __________ can be derived from one gene in transcription.
Many __________ can be derived from one gene in transcription.
Which of the following is a function of RNA?
Which of the following is a function of RNA?
Both DNA and RNA contain the same number of strands.
Both DNA and RNA contain the same number of strands.
Besides the sugar, what other base is different between DNA and RNA?
Besides the sugar, what other base is different between DNA and RNA?
DNA contains the base ________, whereas RNA contains the base uracil.
DNA contains the base ________, whereas RNA contains the base uracil.
What is a common structural feature of both DNA and RNA?
What is a common structural feature of both DNA and RNA?
Both DNA and RNA use phosphodiester bonds to link nucleotides.
Both DNA and RNA use phosphodiester bonds to link nucleotides.
Why does DNA polymerase work without proofreading?
Why does DNA polymerase work without proofreading?
Flashcards
Transcription
Transcription
The process of copying a gene's DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule.
Translation
Translation
The process where genetic code in mRNA is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
RNA characteristics
RNA characteristics
Ribose, uracil, often single-stranded, requires DNA to replicate and has unique shapes.
RNA Polymerase's Role
RNA Polymerase's Role
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Transcription vs DNA Replication
Transcription vs DNA Replication
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RNA Polymerase
RNA Polymerase
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DNA characteristics
DNA characteristics
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DNA to RNA
DNA to RNA
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DNA and RNA Polymerase
DNA and RNA Polymerase
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Study Notes
- Chapter 7 focuses on DNA to protein: Reading Genomes.
DNA and RNA
- Many RNA strands can be derived from one gene during transcription.
- RNA synthesis serves as an intermediate step for protein creation.
Differences between DNA and RNA
- RNA features include ribose, uracil, is often single-stranded, needs DNA to replicate, and has unique shapes.
- DNA features deoxyribose, thymine, is double-stranded, and self-replicating.
- Each has differing sugars, bases, number of strands, and replication needs.
- Both are linear, use phosphodiester bonds, and use the bases A, C, and G.
Transcription and RNA Production
- Once DNA is open, one strand acts as the template for RNA synthesis.
- RNA polymerase links ribonucleoside triphosphates to a growing RNA chain.
- The resulting RNA transcript is complementary to the original DNA.
DNA Replication vs. Transcription
- RNA is not hydrogen-bonded, and the entire RNA transcript is moved, allowing DNA to form a helix.
- RNA strands are also much shorter, approximately a couple thousand nucleotides long.
- Both DNA and RNA polymerase catalyze phosphodiester bonds that connect the backbone.
RNA Polymerase vs. DNA Polymerase
- RNA polymerase uses ribonucleotide triphosphates to catalyze links between ribonucleotides.
- DNA polymerase works with deoxyribonucleotides.
- RNA requires primers and does not have proofreading capabilities.
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