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DNA Structure Overview

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Questions and Answers

Why is DNA replication necessary?

To show the specific order that bases occur in a chromosome

To produce different arrangements of nucleotides in living organisms

To ensure both new cells will have the correct DNA (correct)

To provide the key to genetic diversity among living organisms

When does DNA replication occur?

During the S phase of interphase (correct)

During the G1 phase of interphase

During the G2 phase of interphase

During the M phase of interphase

What is the role of DNA in providing genetic diversity among living organisms?

Creating different arrangements of nucleotides (correct)

Producing two identical complementary strands in DNA replication

Ensuring the specific order of bases in a chromosome

Serving as a template for protein structure

Which rule governs the base pairing in DNA replication?

Chargaff's rule: A=T, C=G Signup and view all the answers

How does DNA replication work?

By unzipping DNA and joining complementary nucleotides to each original strand Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed that DNA controlled cell function by serving as a template for protein structure?

Francis Crick Signup and view all the answers

What are the monomers of DNA?

Nucleotides, comprising phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen base Signup and view all the answers

In Chargaff's Rules, what is the percentage of Guanine (G) when Adenine (A) is 20%?

40% Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogen base always bonds with Thymine in DNA?

Adenine Signup and view all the answers

What provides diversity among living organisms based on DNA?

Nucleotide arrangement in DNA Signup and view all the answers

Who, along with Maurice Wilkins, produced X-ray diffraction images of DNA leading to the discovery of the Double Helix structure?

Rosalind Franklin Signup and view all the answers

Which scientists used Rosalind Franklin's X-ray data to describe the DNA structure as a Double Helix?

Maurice Wilkins and Watson & Crick Signup and view all the answers

Why is DNA transcription necessary?

To carry the code for proteins to ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a triplet or codon in genetics?

To encode a specific amino acid Signup and view all the answers

In DNA translation, what is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

To assemble amino acids into proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between DNA and RNA in terms of their sugar composition?

DNA has deoxyribose, while RNA has ribose Signup and view all the answers

How does RNA polymerase contribute to the process of transcription?

It binds to DNA, separates the strands, and assembles mRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of transcription and translation in protein synthesis?

To ensure proper amino acid sequence in proteins Signup and view all the answers