DNA Structure Discovery Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What did Erwin Chargaff establish about the nitrogenous bases in DNA?

  • The number of purines is always less than pyrimidines.
  • The number of purines is always more than pyrimidines.
  • The number of pyrimidines is always less than purines.
  • The number of purines equals the number of pyrimidines. (correct)

    • Which technique did Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins use to analyze the structure of DNA?

  • Nuclear magnetic resonance
  • Electron microscopy
  • Chromatography
  • X-ray scattering (correct)

    • What did the X-ray scattering patterns of DNA suggest about its structure?

  • It was a random coil.
  • It had a planar structure.
  • It was linear in shape.
  • It was helical in nature. (correct)

    • Why did Watson and Crick arrange the two DNA strands with the sugar-phosphate backbones on the outside and the bases on the inside?

    <p>To fit the bases within the interior of a 2.0 nm-wide structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded to Watson, Crick, and Wilkins?

    <p>Awarded for solving the structure of DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the repeating distances in X-ray scattering patterns imply about DNA molecules?

    <p>They have a regular and repeating structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the fundamental characteristics that organisms share?

    <p>Replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Robert Hooke coin the term 'cells' for?

    <p>Pores in cork observed under a microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not mentioned as one of the five fundamental characteristics of organisms in the text?

    <p>Oxygen production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one goal that almost everything an organism does contributes to, according to Francois Jacob?

    <p>Replicating itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which famous biologist is quoted in the text with the statement about the 'dream of a bacterium'?

    <p>Francois Jacob</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Robert Hooke devise in 1665 to examine the structure of cork?

    <p>Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between RNA and DNA molecules?

    <p>RNA molecules have more diverse size, shape, and reactivity than DNA molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What discovery led Sidney Altman and Thomas Cech to share the 1989 Nobel Prize in Chemistry?

    <p>Discovery of ribozymes or RNA enzymes catalyzing reactions similar to protein enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the Tertiary Structure Tetrahymena Ribozyme?

    <p>It catalyzes the hydrolysis and condensation of phosphodiester linkages in RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the relationship between ribozymes and proteins suggest the order of events in chemical evolution?

    <p>Ribozymes were crucial for protein synthesis before proteins were involved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of chemical evolution do random changes in nucleic acids lead to?

    <p>Synthesis of different proteins and ribozymes with selective advantages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What selective advantage allowed for the evolution of new functions during chemical evolution?

    <p>Advantages resulting from specific changes in proteins and ribozymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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