DNA Structure Discovery Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What did Erwin Chargaff establish about the nitrogenous bases in DNA?

  • The number of purines is always less than pyrimidines.
  • The number of purines is always more than pyrimidines.
  • The number of pyrimidines is always less than purines.
  • The number of purines equals the number of pyrimidines. (correct)

Which technique did Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins use to analyze the structure of DNA?

  • Nuclear magnetic resonance
  • Electron microscopy
  • Chromatography
  • X-ray scattering (correct)

What did the X-ray scattering patterns of DNA suggest about its structure?

  • It was a random coil.
  • It had a planar structure.
  • It was linear in shape.
  • It was helical in nature. (correct)

Why did Watson and Crick arrange the two DNA strands with the sugar-phosphate backbones on the outside and the bases on the inside?

<p>To fit the bases within the interior of a 2.0 nm-wide structure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded to Watson, Crick, and Wilkins?

<p>Awarded for solving the structure of DNA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the repeating distances in X-ray scattering patterns imply about DNA molecules?

<p>They have a regular and repeating structure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the fundamental characteristics that organisms share?

<p>Replication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Robert Hooke coin the term 'cells' for?

<p>Pores in cork observed under a microscope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not mentioned as one of the five fundamental characteristics of organisms in the text?

<p>Oxygen production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one goal that almost everything an organism does contributes to, according to Francois Jacob?

<p>Replicating itself (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which famous biologist is quoted in the text with the statement about the 'dream of a bacterium'?

<p>Francois Jacob (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Robert Hooke devise in 1665 to examine the structure of cork?

<p>Microscope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between RNA and DNA molecules?

<p>RNA molecules have more diverse size, shape, and reactivity than DNA molecules. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What discovery led Sidney Altman and Thomas Cech to share the 1989 Nobel Prize in Chemistry?

<p>Discovery of ribozymes or RNA enzymes catalyzing reactions similar to protein enzymes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the Tertiary Structure Tetrahymena Ribozyme?

<p>It catalyzes the hydrolysis and condensation of phosphodiester linkages in RNA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the relationship between ribozymes and proteins suggest the order of events in chemical evolution?

<p>Ribozymes were crucial for protein synthesis before proteins were involved. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of chemical evolution do random changes in nucleic acids lead to?

<p>Synthesis of different proteins and ribozymes with selective advantages. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What selective advantage allowed for the evolution of new functions during chemical evolution?

<p>Advantages resulting from specific changes in proteins and ribozymes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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