DNA, RNA, Replication and Protein Synthesis

Semi-conservative replication results in two DNA molecules, each with one original and one new strand, preserving genetic information. If replication was fully conservative, with one original and one entirely new DNA molecule, any replication errors that occurred in the new strand would not have the original strand available as a template potentially leading to a higher accumulation of mutations.

A mutation in tRNA can affect its ability to recognize the correct mRNA codon or carry the appropriate amino acid. This can cause incorrect amino acid incorporation, premature termination, or a non-functional protein disrupting protein synthesis.

Since red ($RR$) is incompletely dominant over white ($WW$), the heterozygous offspring ($RW$) will have pink flowers. Thus, crossing a pink-flowered plant ($RW$) with a white-flowered plant ($WW$) will result in a 0% probability of producing red ($RR$) flowered offspring.

<p>mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome. tRNA brings specific amino acids to the ribosome, matching its anticodon to the mRNA codon. rRNA forms the ribosome, which catalyzes peptide bond formation between amino acids. Together, they ensure accurate and efficient translation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiation can cause DNA damage, leading to mutations like base changes, deletions, or insertions. At the cellular level, this can result in cell death or uncontrolled growth (cancer). At the organismal level, mutations can cause genetic disorders or evolutionary changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The structure of DNA, resembling a twisted ladder with two strands.

A sequence of three nucleotides that encodes a specific amino acid.

A diagram used to predict the genotype and phenotype ratios of offspring from a genetic cross.

The process of DNA replication where each new DNA molecule consists of one old strand and one new strand.

A type of inheritance described by Gregor Mendel, involving dominant and recessive traits.