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DNA Replication Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the protein molecule helicase in DNA replication?

Breaks, swivels, and rejoins the two parental DNA strands ahead of replication fork

Initiates DNA replication and causes replication bubbles (correct)

Uses a nucleotide sequence of parental DNA strand to synthesize RNA primer

Starts the formation of new complementary DNA strand

What is the role of the protein molecule primase in DNA replication?

Uses a nucleotide sequence of parental DNA strand to synthesize RNA primer (correct)

Initiates DNA replication and causes replication bubbles

Starts the formation of new complementary DNA strand

Breaks, swivels, and rejoins the two parental DNA strands ahead of replication fork

What is the function of the protein molecule topoisomerase in DNA replication?

Starts the formation of new complementary DNA strand

Initiates DNA replication and causes replication bubbles

Breaks, swivels, and rejoins the two parental DNA strands ahead of replication fork (correct)

Uses a nucleotide sequence of parental DNA strand to synthesize RNA primer

Where does DNA replication begin?

<p>At a special sequence of nucleotides that are repeated along the DNA molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends of nucleotides in DNA?

<p>They determine the direction of DNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Functions of Key Proteins in DNA Replication

Helicase
- Unwinds the DNA double helix, separating the two strands to allow replication.
- Moves along the DNA, breaking hydrogen bonds between complimentary base pairs.
Primase
- Synthesizes short RNA primers necessary for DNA polymerase to start adding DNA nucleotides.
- Provides a starting point for DNA synthesis on the template strand.
Topoisomerase
- Prevents supercoiling and tangling of DNA ahead of the replication fork.
- Cuts and re-ligates DNA strands to relieve torsional strain as helicase unwinds the DNA.

Initiation of DNA Replication

DNA replication begins at specific locations called origins of replication.
At the origin, proteins recognize and bind, causing localized unwinding of the helix.

Significance of 5' and 3' Ends in Nucleotides

Nucleotides have directional orientation due to their phosphate and sugar components.
The 5' end has a phosphate group, while the 3' end has a hydroxyl group; this orientation is crucial for DNA strand elongation.
DNA synthesis occurs in a 5' to 3' direction, which affects how new strands are built during replication.

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Description

Test your knowledge of DNA replication with this quiz. Explore topics such as replication bubbles, sister chromatids, and the role of protein molecules in the replication process.