10 Questions
What is the function of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme during elongation?
It encircles the DNA strand
In which direction does DNA polymerase III read parental strands?
3'→5'
What is the direction of DNA synthesis on the lagging strand?
5'→3'
What is the name given to the DNA strand synthesized from the origin of replication to replication fork?
Leading strand
What is the name given to the DNA strand synthesized from replication fork to origin of replication site?
Lagging strand
What is the direction of DNA synthesis on the leading strand?
5'→3'
What is the name of the enzyme that holds the DNA polymerase III onto the strand during elongation?
DNA clamp loader
What is the name of the enzyme that synthesizes complimentary DNA bi-directionally from the origin of replication?
DNA polymerase III
What is the direction of DNA synthesis on the lagging strand?
3'→5'
What is the name of the DNA strand that is used as a template during DNA replication?
Template strand
Study Notes
DNA Replication
- During elongation, DNA polymerase III holoenzyme synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the primer sequence.
Direction of DNA Synthesis
- DNA polymerase III reads the parental strands in the 3' to 5' direction.
- On the lagging strand, DNA synthesis occurs in short, discontinuous segments called Okazaki fragments, in the 5' to 3' direction.
- On the leading strand, DNA synthesis occurs continuously in the 5' to 3' direction.
DNA Strands
- The DNA strand synthesized from the origin of replication to the replication fork is called the leading strand.
- The DNA strand synthesized from the replication fork to the origin of replication site is called the lagging strand.
- The DNA strand used as a template during DNA replication is called the parental strand or template strand.
Enzymes Involved
- The enzyme that holds the DNA polymerase III onto the strand during elongation is called the clamp loader.
- The enzyme that synthesizes complimentary DNA bi-directionally from the origin of replication is called the helicase.
Test your knowledge on DNA replication with this quiz! From the process of elongation to the specific functions of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, challenge yourself to see how much you know about the bi-directional synthesis of DNA. Get ready to learn more about the directionality of parental strands and other key concepts in DNA replication.
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