DNA Replication Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the error rate of E.coli during DNA replication?

  • 1 in a million nucleotides
  • 1 in a thousand nucleotides
  • 1 in 6400 nucleotides
  • 1 in a billion nucleotides (correct)

    • How does the semi-conservative model of DNA replication work?

  • The DNA strands remain intact without being copied.
  • Both strands of DNA are entirely new.
  • Each new DNA molecule is made up of one parental and one new strand. (correct)
  • Each parental strand is fragmented and reassembled.

    • What characteristic feature pertains to the structure of DNA?

  • Two hydrogen bonds pair G with C
  • Five base pairs per turn
  • Right-handed double helix (correct)
  • Left-handed double helix

    • What is the replication rate of E.coli in nucleotides per second?

    <p>1000 nucleotides per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the bonding between base pairs in DNA?

    <p>A pairs with T via two hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism suggested by the Watson-Crick model for DNA replication?

    <p>Semi-conservative copying of parental strands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distance between stacked bases in a DNA double helix?

    <p>0.34 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect does NOT describe the E.coli's rapid DNA replication?

    <p>It replicates at a rate of 1000 nucleotides per minute.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is essential for DNA replication in prokaryotes?

    <p>DNA template</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is necessary for providing the building blocks during DNA replication in prokaryotes?

    <p>dNTPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following enzymes is specifically involved in DNA replication in prokaryotes?

    <p>DNA polymerase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the primers used in prokaryotic DNA replication?

    <p>Only RNA primers are used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is NOT required for DNA replication in prokaryotes?

    <p>Co2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    DNA Replication: A Review

    • Central Dogma of Molecular Biology: Information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.
    • DNA Replication: The process by which DNA is copied, ensuring that genetic information is passed on when cells divide.
    • Accuracy of Replication: Errors are extremely rare, occurring less than once per billion nucleotides.
    • Speed of Replication: In bacteria like E. coli, DNA replication occurs at a rate of 1,000 nucleotides per second.
    • Review of DNA Structure:
      • The DNA double helix is composed of two anti-parallel strands, running in opposite directions (5' to 3').
      • Adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) via two hydrogen bonds.
      • Guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C) via three hydrogen bonds.
    • Semi-Conservative Replication: After one round of replication, each new DNA molecule is composed of one parental strand and one newly synthesized strand.
    • Alternative Replication Models: Three models were proposed for DNA replication:
      • Conservative model: The original parental DNA remains completely intact, and a new double helix is generated.
      • Dispersive model: Both strands of the new DNA are a mixture of parental and newly synthesized DNA.
      • Semi-conservative model: The correct model, where each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one new strand.
    • Importance of DNA Replication: This accurate and rapid process is essential for cell division, ensuring genetic stability and passing on genetic information to daughter cells.

    DNA Replication in Prokaryotes

    • DNA template is the original DNA strand that is being copied
    • DNA Primers are short sequences of nucleotides that provide a starting point for DNA polymerase
    • dNTPs (deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates) are the building blocks of DNA. They consist of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
    • RNA Primers are short RNA sequences that provide a starting point for DNA polymerase.
    • DNA polymerase I is the enzyme that removes RNA primers and fills in the gaps with DNA nucleotides. It also has a 5' to 3' exonuclease activity, which it uses to remove RNA primers.
    • Co2+ is a cofactor for some DNA polymerases. It is a mineral that is important for the proper functioning of DNA polymerase.

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    Related Documents

    DNA Replication Lecture Notes PDF

    Description

    This quiz reviews the key concepts of DNA replication, including the central dogma of molecular biology, the accuracy and speed of replication, and the structure of DNA. Test your understanding of semi-conservative replication and the proposed models for how DNA is copied.

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