18 Questions
During DNA replication, in which direction does DNA polymerase III elongate DNA strands?
5' to 3'
Which strand, between the leading and lagging strands, can elongate continuously as the replication fork progresses?
Leading strand
What is the function of DNA ligase during DNA replication?
Join Okazaki fragments
Which statement is true about the synthesis of the lagging strand during DNA replication?
Multiple primer is needed.
What is the initial nucleotide strand used to start DNA synthesis?
RNA primer
Why can DNA polymerases not initiate the synthesis of a polynucleotide chain?
They can only add nucleotides to the 3' end.
What is the main enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the 3' end of a growing DNA strand?
DNA polymerase
Which end of the new DNA strand do DNA polymerases add nucleotides to?
3' end
In which direction does DNA polymerase III synthesize the leading strand during replication?
Towards the replication fork
How is the lagging strand synthesized during DNA replication?
As a series of segments called Okazaki fragments
What is the key function of DNA ligase in DNA replication?
Joining Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand
How does the antiparallel structure of the double helix impact DNA replication?
It requires leading and lagging strand synthesis in opposite directions
What is the role of DNA polymerase III on the leading strand during DNA replication?
Adding DNA nucleotides to the 3' end
During lagging strand synthesis, what is the role of DNA ligase?
Bonds Okazaki fragments together
What happens when a thymine dimer distorts the DNA molecule?
A nuclease enzyme cuts the damaged strand and removes the section
What is the main function of DNA polymerase I in DNA replication?
Removing RNA primers and replacing them with DNA nucleotides
When does DNA polymerase III dissociate from the DNA strand during replication?
When reaching an RNA primer on the lagging strand
What is the consequence of replacing the last RNA nucleotide with DNA during lagging strand synthesis?
Leaves the sugarphosphate backbone with a free 3' end
This quiz covers the synthesis of leading and lagging strands during DNA replication, focusing on the role of DNA polymerase III, the elongation direction of DNA strands, and the formation of Okazaki fragments. Test your understanding of how the leading and lagging strands are synthesized in different directions.
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