DNA Replication: Leading and Lagging Strands
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Questions and Answers

During DNA replication, in which direction does DNA polymerase III elongate DNA strands?

  • 5' to 3' (correct)
  • 3' to 5'
  • 3' to 3'
  • 5' to 5'
  • Which strand, between the leading and lagging strands, can elongate continuously as the replication fork progresses?

  • Neither strand
  • Lagging strand
  • Leading strand (correct)
  • Both strands
  • What is the function of DNA ligase during DNA replication?

  • Priming DNA synthesis
  • Join Okazaki fragments (correct)
  • Elongate DNA strands
  • Initiate polynucleotide synthesis
  • Which statement is true about the synthesis of the lagging strand during DNA replication?

    <p>Multiple primer is needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial nucleotide strand used to start DNA synthesis?

    <p>RNA primer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can DNA polymerases not initiate the synthesis of a polynucleotide chain?

    <p>They can only add nucleotides to the 3' end.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the 3' end of a growing DNA strand?

    <p>DNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which end of the new DNA strand do DNA polymerases add nucleotides to?

    <p>3' end</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which direction does DNA polymerase III synthesize the leading strand during replication?

    <p>Towards the replication fork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the lagging strand synthesized during DNA replication?

    <p>As a series of segments called Okazaki fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key function of DNA ligase in DNA replication?

    <p>Joining Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the antiparallel structure of the double helix impact DNA replication?

    <p>It requires leading and lagging strand synthesis in opposite directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of DNA polymerase III on the leading strand during DNA replication?

    <p>Adding DNA nucleotides to the 3' end</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During lagging strand synthesis, what is the role of DNA ligase?

    <p>Bonds Okazaki fragments together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a thymine dimer distorts the DNA molecule?

    <p>A nuclease enzyme cuts the damaged strand and removes the section</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of DNA polymerase I in DNA replication?

    <p>Removing RNA primers and replacing them with DNA nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does DNA polymerase III dissociate from the DNA strand during replication?

    <p>When reaching an RNA primer on the lagging strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of replacing the last RNA nucleotide with DNA during lagging strand synthesis?

    <p>Leaves the sugarphosphate backbone with a free 3' end</p> Signup and view all the answers

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