Questions and Answers
Which of the following builds new strands of DNA?
What describes the characteristics of strands in DNA replication?
The leading strand is built continuously, and the lagging strand is built in pieces.
During DNA replication, which nucleotide will bind to an A nucleotide in the original or parental DNA strand?
T
Which protein joins together the Okazaki fragments of DNA in the lagging strand?
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DNA ligase adds nucleotides to the lagging strand.
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Study Notes
DNA Replication Fundamentals
- DNA polymerase is the key enzyme responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands by sequentially adding DNA nucleotides.
- The process of DNA replication involves two distinct strands due to the antiparallel arrangement of the double helix.
Leading and Lagging Strands
- The leading strand is synthesized continuously towards the replication fork.
- The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in short segments known as Okazaki fragments.
- These fragments are produced as the DNA polymerase works away from the replication fork.
Nucleotide Pairing
- In DNA replication, adenine (A) on the parental strand pairs exclusively with thymine (T) on the newly synthesized strand.
Role of DNA Ligase
- DNA ligase is the enzyme that seals the gaps between Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand, resulting in a continuous DNA strand.
- It does not add nucleotides; its primary function is to join pre-existing DNA segments together.
Common Misconceptions
- A prevalent misconception is that DNA ligase adds nucleotides to the lagging strand; this is incorrect. Instead, it only connects fragments.
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Description
Test your knowledge of DNA replication with these flashcards! Cover key terms and concepts, including the role of DNA polymerase and the characteristics of leading and lagging strands. Perfect for students studying molecular biology or genetics.
