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DNA Replication Accuracy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the error rate in DNA replication when adding deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs)?

1 in 10^3 dNTPs added

1 in 10^6 dNTPs added

1 in 10^4 dNTPs added

1 in 10^5 dNTPs added (correct)

What role does the tautomeric form of bases play in DNA replication?

They permanently change the base pairing

They enhance the base pairing specificity

They can cause permanent mutations

They can lead to transient mispairing (correct)

What is the function of DNA polymerase's double check mechanism during replication?

It completely removes all mismatched nucleotides

It increases the speed of DNA synthesis

It permanently alters incorrect bases

It checks and corrects base pairing before extending the chain (correct)

How does the polymerase proofreading activity increase the accuracy of DNA replication?

<p>By removing mispaired dNTPs from the 3’ end</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must occur for DNA polymerase to continue its activity after detecting a mispair?

<p>A base must pair with the 3’ -OH group at the end of the chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

DNA Replication Accuracy

DNA polymerase ensures high accuracy during replication. The base pairing specificity of the active site creates precise geometry, leading to an error rate of 1 in 10⁵ added deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs).
Tautomeric shifts (conversion between amino/imino or keto/enol forms of bases) can cause temporary mispairing but are not permanent issues.
DNA polymerase has a double-checking mechanism to verify correct base pairings before continuing chain extension.
Proofreading activity enhances accuracy.
- It removes mismatched dNTPs from the 3' end of the DNA.
- Polymerase activity requires a base-paired 3'-OH at the chain's end.
- 3' to 5' exonuclease activity removes any unpaired residues at the end until a correctly base-paired 3' -OH is restored.

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Description

Test your understanding of DNA replication accuracy, including the role of DNA polymerase and its proofreading mechanisms. This quiz covers key concepts like base pairing specificity and the impact of tautomeric shifts on replication fidelity.