20 Questions
Which enzyme is responsible for removing the RNA primer during eukaryotic DNA replication?
FEN1
What is the function of telomeres in eukaryotic chromosomes?
To protect the ends of chromosomes
What triggers cellular senescence in eukaryotic cells?
Extensive telomere shortening
Which enzyme is responsible for adding telomeric repeats to the ends of chromosomes?
Telomerase
Which direction do DNA and RNA polymerases synthesize their nucleic acids in?
5' to 3'
Which type of polymerase requires a pre-existing 3'-OH to begin synthesis?
DNA polymerase
Which strand of the parent molecule becomes the leading strand during DNA synthesis?
The template strand
What is the function of DNA ligase during DNA replication?
To create phosphodiester bonds at 'nicks'
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
Helicase
Which direction does DNA replication occur?
5' to 3'
Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing a new DNA strand by adding complementary nucleotides?
DNA polymerase
What is the function of telomerases?
Add telomeres to the ends of chromosomes
Which enzyme separates the strands of dsDNA during DNA replication?
DNA Helicase
Which direction does the leading strand synthesize in relation to the replication fork movement?
5' to 3' in the same direction as fork movement
What is the function of primase in DNA replication?
Synthesizes a short RNA primer
Where can DNA replication begin?
At specific sequences called Origins of Replication
Which enzyme removes incorrect, mispaired nucleotides introduced by DNA polymerase errors?
DNA polymerase I
What is the function of topoisomerases during DNA replication?
They remove positive supercoils
Which type of topoisomerase requires energy from ATP to cut both strands of DNA?
Type II topoisomerase
What is the role of DNA polymerase III in DNA replication?
Closes the final nick between DNA fragments
Test your knowledge on the principles of DNA replication and the role of proofreading DNA polymerases in maintaining replication fidelity. Learn about the 3'-5' exonuclease activity, the removal of incorrect nucleotides, and how this process improves replication accuracy. Explore DNA replication in prokaryotes and other related topics.
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