10 Questions
What is the role of the 3' OH of the growing strand in DNA replication?
The 3' OH of the growing strand attacks the high-energy phosphate bond of the incoming nucleotide to initiate the synthesis reaction.
During DNA replication, how are the two strands of the parental duplex separated?
The two strands of the parental duplex separate during DNA replication.
What are the base-pairing rules for DNA replication?
The base-pairing rules for DNA replication are A with T and G with C.
What is meant by 'semiconservative' replication and how was it proven?
'Semiconservative' replication means that each parental strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new daughter strand. It was proven by the Meselson-Stahl experiment.
What is the asymmetry of the DNA replication fork?
The DNA replication fork is asymmetrical.
During DNA replication, the two strands of the parental duplex separate. What type of replication is this?
Semiconservative
What happens when the 3' OH of the growing strand attacks the high-energy phosphate bond of the incoming nucleotide?
The synthesis reaction is initiated
What is the result of two rounds of DNA replication in a labeled medium?
One daughter molecule is half-labeled and the other is fully labeled
What type of bonds are formed between the incoming nucleotides and the template during DNA replication?
Hydrogen bonds
What are the base-pairing rules for DNA replication?
A with T and G with C
Study Notes
DNA Replication
- During DNA replication, the 3' OH of the growing strand acts as a nucleophile, attacking the high-energy phosphate bond of the incoming nucleotide, resulting in the formation of a phosphodiester bond.
Separation of Parental Duplex
- The two strands of the parental duplex are separated during DNA replication, a process that occurs continuously.
Base-Pairing Rules
- The base-pairing rules for DNA replication are: Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C).
Semiconservative Replication
- Semiconservative replication means that each new DNA molecule is composed of one old strand (from the parental duplex) and one new strand synthesized during replication.
- This process was proven through the Meselson-Stahl experiment, which demonstrated the gradual shift from heavy to light DNA density.
Asymmetry of the DNA Replication Fork
- The replication fork is asymmetric, with the leading strand being continuously synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short, discontinuous segments called Okazaki fragments.
Type of Replication
- The separation of the two strands of the parental duplex during DNA replication is an example of semiconservative replication.
Bond Formation
- During DNA replication, phosphodiester bonds are formed between the incoming nucleotides and the template.
Result of Two Rounds of DNA Replication
- After two rounds of DNA replication in a labeled medium, the resulting DNA molecules will have one DNA molecule with all light density and one DNA molecule with half heavy and half light density.
Test your knowledge on DNA replication with this quiz! Learn about the process of DNA replication, including how incoming nucleotides are accepted and the role of the 3' OH in initiating the synthesis reaction.
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