15 Questions
What is the main difference between direct reversal DNA repair and replacement of damaged nucleotide bases?
Direct reversal does not require a template, while replacement requires a template.
Which enzyme is responsible for photoreactivation in direct reversal DNA repair?
Photolyase
Why is direct reversal through photoreactivation not possible in humans?
Humans lack the enzyme required for photoreactivation.
What is the function of the protein MGMT in direct reversal DNA repair?
It restores the original guanine base by transferring methyl groups.
Which type of DNA damage does photoreactivation specifically address in direct repair?
Formation of pyrimidine dimers
What is the result of methylation of guanine bases in DNA?
Formation of thymine bases
Which enzyme accepts the alkyl group through its sulfur atom of a cysteine residue?
Suicide enzyme
What happens to the enzyme once it transfers the alkyl group?
It becomes inactivated
What term is used to describe an enzyme that becomes inactivated upon accepting an alkyl group?
Suicide enzyme
Which repair mechanism involves the recognition and removal of a single damaged base?
Base Excision Repair
What enzyme family is required for the base excision repair mechanism?
Glycosylases family
Which repair mechanism is used to repair damage to DNA caused by the formation of pyrimidine dimers from UV light?
Nucleotide Excision Repair
What is formed after glycosylases enzymes remove a damaged base during the repair process?
AP site
Excision repair involves the removal and replacement of damaged DNA on which strand?
"Non-defective" strand
"Nucleotide Excision Repair" recognizes what type of damage before initiating the repair process?
"Pyrimidine dimers formation"
Test your knowledge of DNA repair mechanisms including mismatch repair and double strand break repair. Learn how cells maintain genomic integrity through these crucial processes.
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