40 Questions
What is the purpose of the running buffer in DNA electrophoresis?
To maintain a constant pH and provide ions for conductivity
Which buffers are commonly used in gel preparation for DNA electrophoresis?
Tris Borate EDTA (TBE) and Tris Acetate EDTA (TAE)
What is the purpose of adding a loading buffer to DNA samples before loading them in the gel?
To increase the density of the DNA samples so they sink in the wells
What is the purpose of the colored dye in the loading buffer for DNA samples?
To monitor the progression of DNA molecules and ensure they do not escape from the gel
Why is a density agent added to the loading buffer for DNA samples?
To increase the density of the DNA samples so they sink in the wells
What is the role of the power source in DNA electrophoresis?
To move the DNA samples from cathode to anode
Why does DNA move towards the positive end during electrophoresis?
Due to negatively charged phosphate groups
What is the main focus of Healthcare Epidemiology?
Preventing disease transmission in healthcare settings
What are the common types of nosocomial infections?
Urinary tract infections
What does Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) include?
Infections acquired inside healthcare facilities
What are the aims of Healthcare Epidemiology?
To protect patients and staff from infection
What do Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures cover?
Policy development and implementation
What are Community-Associated Infections?
Infections that appear outside healthcare facilities
What are Iatrogenic Infections?
Infections due to medical or surgical intervention
1
Infections appearing in healthcare settings
What does Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) include?
Infections acquired inside healthcare facilities
What are the major factors contributing to nosocomial infections?
Increased number of immunocompromised patients
Which pathogen is differentiated from Staphylococcus aureus by being more resistant to antibiotics and found on our skin more?
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (S. epidermidis)
Which pathogen is a spore-forming, anaerobic, Gram-positive bacillus and an important cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis?
Clostridium difficile
Which Gram-negative bacillus is commonly found in wet environments and is resistant to antibiotics and sterilization techniques?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Which bacteria are included in the multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB)?
Bacteria producing extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPEs)
Which pathogen is part of the normal flora in the colon and can cause intra-abdominal, liver, and urinary tract infections?
Escherichia coli
Which pathogen is found in the environment, causes RT and bloodstream infections, and resists antibiotics and sterilization techniques?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What is the main focus of Healthcare Epidemiology?
Studying the occurrence of disease within healthcare settings
What do Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures cover?
Education of healthcare personnel in infection control practices
What are the aims of Healthcare Epidemiology?
Protecting patients from acquiring infection in healthcare facilities
What does Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) include?
Infections that were not present at the time of admission
What are Community-Associated Infections?
Infections acquired outside healthcare facilities
What are Iatrogenic Infections?
Infections caused by medical or surgical intervention
What is the most common type of nosocomial infection?
Gastrointestinal infections
What is a characteristic of Healthcare-onset infections?
Appearing inside healthcare settings
What is the main focus of Surveillance measures in Healthcare Epidemiology?
Monitoring the occurrence of diseases in healthcare settings
Which type of infection is considered a Community-Onset Infection?
Infection acquired outside healthcare facilities
What is a major factor contributing to nosocomial infections?
Increased number of immunocompromised patients
Which of the following pathogens is part of the colonic normal flora and is an important cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea?
Clostridium difficile
Which Gram-negative bacillus is commonly found in wet environments and is resistant to antibiotics and sterilization techniques?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What differentiates Coagulase-ve staph. (S. epidermidis) from Staphylococcus aureus?
Strong adhesion to biomaterial surfaces
Which bacteria are included in the multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB)?
Bacteria producing extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPEs)
What kind of infections can be caused by Enterobacteriaceae, part of the normal flora in the colon?
Intra-abdominal/liver/urinary tract infections
What pathogen is differentiated from Staphylococcus aureus by being more resistant to antibiotics and found on our skin more?
Coagulase-ve staph. (S. epidermidis)
Test your knowledge about the use of buffers in DNA electrophoresis. Learn about the purpose of running buffers like TBE and TAE, as well as their role in gel preparation and maintaining pH. Explore topics such as agarose powder dissolution and loading DNA samples into wells.
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