DNA Separation Techniques Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size and charge?

Electrophoresis

What is the material from which agarose gel, used in the process, is extracted?

Sea weed

What type of charge should the electrode at one end of the electrophoresis plate have?

Positive charge (Anode)

What substance is mixed with DNA fragments before they are loaded onto the electrophoresis plate?

Ethidium bromide Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the method used to observe the separated DNA fragments under UV light?

Electrophoresis Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of agarose gel in the process of DNA electrophoresis.

Agarose gel is used as a medium through which the DNA fragments can move during electrophoresis. It provides a matrix for the fragments to travel through based on their size and charge. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ethidium bromide in DNA electrophoresis?

Ethidium bromide is used to stain the DNA fragments so that they can be visualized under UV light after electrophoresis. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the movement of DNA fragments during electrophoresis in relation to the electric current and the agarose gel.

DNA fragments move through the agarose gel towards the positive electrode (Amode) when an electric current is passed through the gel. Smaller fragments move faster than larger ones. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of observing bright orange bands under UV light in DNA electrophoresis?

Bright orange bands indicate the presence and position of separated DNA fragments, allowing for analysis and further study. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the DNA fragments are separated based on their size in the process of electrophoresis.

The DNA fragments are separated based on their size as they travel through the agarose gel matrix. Smaller fragments move more quickly and cover a greater distance than larger ones, resulting in distinct bands. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ethidium bromide in DNA separation using electrophoresis and agarose gel?

Ethidium bromide is used to stain the DNA fragments, making them visible under UV light during the electrophoresis process. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of DNA separation using electrophoresis and agarose gel.

DNA separation using electrophoresis and agarose gel involves placing DNA fragments mixed with ethidium bromide on one end of an electrophoresis plate with a positive charge electrode (anode). When an electric current is passed through the plate, the DNA fragments move towards the anode. The smaller fragments move faster than the larger ones, resulting in distinct bands that can be observed under UV light. This method is known as agarose gel electrophoresis. Signup and view all the answers

How does the movement of DNA fragments occur in electrophoresis?

When an electric current is passed through the electrophoresis plate, the DNA fragments move towards the positive charge electrode (anode) at different rates based on their size. Smaller fragments move faster than larger ones. Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of agarose used in agarose gel electrophoresis?

Agarose used in agarose gel electrophoresis is extracted from seaweed. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the importance of the positive charge electrode (anode) in DNA separation using electrophoresis and agarose gel.

The positive charge electrode (anode) attracts the negatively charged DNA fragments, causing them to move towards it during the electrophoresis process, facilitating the separation of DNA fragments based on size. Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure called when the blastomeres are arranged as a solid ball and take in fluid to create a cavity?

Morula Signup and view all the answers

In which stage does gastrulation occur?

During the formation of the three germ layers Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial result of the fusion of the female egg cell and the male sperm cell in sexually reproducing organisms?

Single-celled zygote Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the formation of the nervous system during embryonic development?

Neurulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage called when the mammalian blastocyst hatches before implantation into the endometrial lining of the womb?

Blastocyst Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

DNA Separation Technique: Electrophoresis

Electrophoresis utilizes an electric current to separate DNA fragments based on their charge and size.
DNA is negatively charged, so when an electric field is applied, DNA fragments migrate towards the positive electrode (anode).
Agarose gel, derived from seaweed, serves as the medium for electrophoresis, ideal for separating nucleic acids.
DNA samples are prepared by mixing them with ethidium bromide, which intercalates with the DNA, allowing visualization after separation.
When electric current is passed through the agarose gel, smaller DNA fragments travel faster than larger ones, resulting in distinct separations.
After the electrophoresis process, the gel is examined under UV light, where DNA bands appear bright orange due to the bound ethidium bromide.
The separated DNA fragments can be identified and analyzed based on their size, represented by the orange bands on the gel.
Results from electrophoresis provide insights into the genetic makeup and variations of DNA.

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Description

Test your knowledge of DNA separation techniques with this quiz. Explore topics such as electrophoresis, agarose gel, DNA fragmentation, and restriction enzymes. Perfect for students and enthusiasts of molecular biology and genetics.