unit 1 cc7

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material that carries the instructions for building and maintaining an organism.

A sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

The two strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases.

<p>Adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genomic DNA is the DNA that is found in the nucleus of the cell and contains the genes that code for all of the proteins in the organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondrial DNA is found in the mitochondria, the organelles that produce energy for the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chloroplast DNA is found in the chloroplasts and is responsible for carrying out photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA and RNA are the two main types of genetic material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA is responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Denaturation is the process of separating the two strands of DNA, while renaturation is the process of reannealing the two strands of DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cot curves are plots of the concentration of renatured DNA versus the time of renaturation. They can be used to estimate the size and complexity of a DNA sample.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA topology is the study of the three-dimensional structure of DNA. The linking number is a measure of the number of times the two strands of DNA are intertwined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Topoisomerases are enzymes that change the linking number of DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses have a variety of DNA structures, including linear and circular chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eukaryotes have multiple linear chromosomes that are located in the nucleus of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA is a single-stranded molecule composed of nucleotides, each made up of a sugar (ribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, separate from the DNA in the nucleus of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers