Diversity and Prejudice Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of prejudice?

It involves making assumptions about individuals based on group membership. (correct)

It primarily occurs in workplace settings.

It is generated solely from personal experiences.

It is always based on factual evidence.

Which act was enacted to protect the rights of people with disabilities?

Age Discrimination in Employment Act

Americans with Disabilities Act (correct)

Civil Rights Act

Equal Pay Act

What stereotype is often associated with older workers?

They are more likely to adapt quickly to change.

They possess better technological skills than younger workers.

They are viewed as set in their ways and possibly accident-prone. (correct)

They generally have fewer health issues.

What does the term 'glass ceiling' refer to?

An invisible limit on women's advancement in corporate ranks. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of prejudice refers to negative attitudes based on one's age?

Ageism Signup and view all the answers

How may individuals without physical challenges feel towards disabled people?

Unsure about how to treat them, leading to potential embarrassment. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following stereotypes affects women's perceived success in business?

Women are viewed as less aggressive and determined compared to men. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of prejudice mentioned?

Prejudice Based on Economic Status Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary aim of diversity management programs?

To create easier interactions between diverse groups Signup and view all the answers

Which group is noted as being most likely to experience religious intolerance in the United States?

Hindus and Muslims Signup and view all the answers

What kind of training is designed to help employees recognize their underlying assumptions about others?

Awareness-Based Diversity Training Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main tools used in diversity training?

Market Analysis Techniques Signup and view all the answers

What strategy involves utilizing leaders to promote diversity within an organization?

Diversity Messaging Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of skills-based diversity training?

To teach effective interpersonal skills Signup and view all the answers

Which of these factors is a focus in the cross-cultural understanding aspect of diversity training?

Understanding cultural differences Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue faced in workplace diversity today?

Continued existence of discrimination Signup and view all the answers

What is the main premise of the Dispositional Model of Job Satisfaction?

Job satisfaction is a stable characteristic of individuals. Signup and view all the answers

How does the Value Theory of Job Satisfaction define job satisfaction?

It relies on the match between desired outcomes and perceived availability. Signup and view all the answers

What role does affectivity play in job satisfaction according to the Dispositional Model?

It shows a strong correlation to job satisfaction. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Social Information Processing Model suggest about workplace attitudes?

Social cues from others significantly influence attitudes and behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What is voluntary turnover?

Resignation of an employee without external pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What could be a consequence of job dissatisfaction?

Chronic absenteeism. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does not influence voluntary turnover according to the discussion of its complexities?

Individual's job performance. Signup and view all the answers

How is job satisfaction affected by discrepancies according to the Value Theory?

Greater discrepancies lead to increased dissatisfaction. Signup and view all the answers

What defines continuance commitment in an organizational context?

Desire to continue working due to financial or personal necessity. Signup and view all the answers

Which form of commitment is based on feelings of obligation to others?

Normative Commitment Signup and view all the answers

Why are affectively committed employees often considered advantageous for an organization?

They are willing to sacrifice for the organization. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of commitment is characterized by an employee's alignment with the organization's values?

Affective Commitment Signup and view all the answers

How does high organizational commitment typically affect employee withdrawal rates?

Higher commitment results in lower withdrawal rates. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of work-related attitudes in organizations?

Attitudes toward others, the job, and the organization Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates prejudice from discrimination in organizations?

Prejudice involves feelings, while discrimination involves actions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a component of work-related attitudes?

Company policy adherence Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of low levels of organizational commitment?

High turnover rates Signup and view all the answers

Which theory addresses job satisfaction as a key construct?

Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory Signup and view all the answers

What describes the evaluative component of attitudes?

Feelings and emotional responses Signup and view all the answers

What is one effective practice organizations use to manage workforce diversity?

Implementing diversity training programs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following consequences is commonly associated with job dissatisfaction?

Decline in overall job performance Signup and view all the answers

Which path in the Unfolding Model involves a shock that does not match any existing decision frame and lacks a specific alternative job?

Path 2 Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Path 1 in the Unfolding Model of Voluntary Turnover?

Presence of an existing decision frame Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior is described as a short-term reaction to job dissatisfaction?

Absenteeism Signup and view all the answers

In the context of job satisfaction, what does a high level of organizational commitment signify?

Strong identification with the organization Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following paths in the Unfolding Model suggests that employees will compare their current job with a prospective job?

Path 3 Signup and view all the answers

How has organizational commitment trended in recent decades?

Decreased overall Signup and view all the answers

In Path 4 of the Unfolding Model, what condition might trigger an employee's decision to quit?

High levels of job dissatisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction?

They are generally independent of each other Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Content

The course covers behavior in organizations
Chapter 1: Introduction to Organizations Behaviors
Chapter 2: Organizational Justice, Ethics, and CSR
Chapter 3: Perception and Learning
Chapter 4: Individual Differences: Personality, Skills, and Abilities
Chapter 6: Work-related Attitudes: Prejudice, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment
Chapter 8: Group Dynamics and Work Teams
Chapter 11: Interpersonal Behavior at Work: Conflict, Cooperation, Trust, and Deviance
Chapter 12: Power and its Uses and Abuses in Organizations

Chapter 6 focuses on work-related attitudes
Learning Objectives: define attitudes, distinguish prejudice and discrimination, and describe steps in managing diversity.
Learning objectives also discuss job satisfaction and organizational commitment
The chapter explores feelings about people and things on the job, work-related attitudes concerning performance and quality of work.

Basic Definitions

Attitudes: relatively stable feelings, beliefs, and behavioral intentions toward specific objects, people, or institutions.
Work-related Attitudes: a subset of attitudes relating to work or work settings. These include prejudice, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment.

Three Essential Components of Attitudes

Evaluative: Liking or disliking a person, item, or event.
Cognitive: Beliefs about the attitude object (not necessarily factual).
Behavioral: Predisposition to behave in ways consistent with beliefs and feelings. This is a tendency, not guaranteed action.

Prejudice and Discrimination: Negative Attitudes Toward Others

Prejudice: Negative attitudes toward specific groups based solely on group membership (e.g., race, creed, color, age, or sexual orientation).
Organizational Demography: The nature of a workforce regarding various characteristics like age, gender, and ethnic makeup.
Factors influencing changing workplaces include birthrates, immigration, and gender parity.

Prejudice and Discrimination: Anatomy

Stereotypes: Beliefs that individuals possess characteristics based on group membership (positive or negative).
Discrimination: Acting negatively toward someone based on membership in a specific group.

Prejudice and Discrimination: Victims

Everyone can be a victim or prejudice and discrimination.
Prejudice based on age, physical conditions, gender, race, and national origin, and religion.

Strategies for Overcoming Workplace Prejudice: Managing a Diverse Workforce

Diversity Management Programs: Awareness programs and skill-based training to promote effective interactions between diverse groups.
- Techniques for diversity training include cross-cultural understanding, intercultural communication, facilitation skills, and flexibility.
Companies can also improve diversity by having leaders send strong messages and requiring suppliers to promote diversity

Job Satisfaction: Its Nature and Major Theories

Job Satisfaction: The level of satisfaction with a job.
Major Theories:
- Dispositional Model: Job satisfaction is a relatively stable characteristic of the individual.
  - Genetic Component: Appears to be hereditary.
  - Affectivity: A strong correlation exists between affectivity and job satisfaction.
- Value Theory: Match between what people value in their job (outcomes) and how readily available those outcomes are.
- Social Information Processing Model: People adopt attitudes based on cues from others in the work environment.

Consequences of Job Dissatisfaction

Employee Withdrawal: Actions (voluntary turnover, absenteeism) to escape negative situations.
Voluntary Turnover: Employees freely resigning from their job.
Unfolding Model of Voluntary Turnover: Explains cognitive processes of employees deciding to quit or stay. The model outlines four possible pathways: surprise and conformity; shock followed by reflection; alternative job available; no shock, but feelings arise
Absenteeism: Staying away from work when scheduled.

Organizational Commitment: Attitudes Toward Companies

Organizational Commitment: The extent to which an individual identifies with and is involved in his/her organization or is unwilling to leave it.
Types of organizational commitment:
- Continuance: Staying due to cost or inability to leave
- Affective: Staying due to agreement and desire to remain
- Normative: Staying due to obligations or pressure from others.
High levels of affective commitment correlate with improved financial performance. Companies can promote commitment through various management practices.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts related to diversity, prejudice, and discrimination. This quiz covers various questions about stereotypes, the glass ceiling, and the impact of diversity management programs. Perfect for understanding the complexities surrounding these important social issues.