Podcast
Questions and Answers
Why should a lipid panel be ordered prior to administering statin medications?
Why should a lipid panel be ordered prior to administering statin medications?
What is the primary use of atorvastatin?
What is the primary use of atorvastatin?
What routine laboratory tests should a client on atorvastatin undergo?
What routine laboratory tests should a client on atorvastatin undergo?
What is a key contraindication for administering statin medications?
What is a key contraindication for administering statin medications?
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Atorvastatin may also be prescribed to prevent cardiovascular disease in which of the following groups?
Atorvastatin may also be prescribed to prevent cardiovascular disease in which of the following groups?
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Which condition is NOT typically associated with beta-adrenergic blockers?
Which condition is NOT typically associated with beta-adrenergic blockers?
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Why should aspirin not be taken in combination with apixaban?
Why should aspirin not be taken in combination with apixaban?
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Which of the following is a benefit of using beta-adrenergic blockers?
Which of the following is a benefit of using beta-adrenergic blockers?
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What effect does apixaban have in relation to blood clotting?
What effect does apixaban have in relation to blood clotting?
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Which of the following conditions can beta-adrenergic blockers be prescribed for?
Which of the following conditions can beta-adrenergic blockers be prescribed for?
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What is the correct method for taking cholestyramine to effectively reduce serum cholesterol and LDL levels?
What is the correct method for taking cholestyramine to effectively reduce serum cholesterol and LDL levels?
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Which of the following is a known complication of cholestyramine?
Which of the following is a known complication of cholestyramine?
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What is a common side effect of Ezetimibe?
What is a common side effect of Ezetimibe?
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What unique characteristic does Alirocumab have regarding its administration?
What unique characteristic does Alirocumab have regarding its administration?
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How is rivaroxaban administered?
How is rivaroxaban administered?
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What is a key characteristic of andexanet alfa regarding monitoring requirements?
What is a key characteristic of andexanet alfa regarding monitoring requirements?
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Which of the following side effects is associated with amiodarone?
Which of the following side effects is associated with amiodarone?
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Which statement about beta blockers is correct?
Which statement about beta blockers is correct?
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What is a characteristic of amiodarone's half-life?
What is a characteristic of amiodarone's half-life?
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What should patients be cautious about when using beta blockers?
What should patients be cautious about when using beta blockers?
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What is the primary use of milrinone in a clinical setting?
What is the primary use of milrinone in a clinical setting?
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Which of the following is a crucial monitoring requirement for clients receiving milrinone?
Which of the following is a crucial monitoring requirement for clients receiving milrinone?
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What therapeutic effect does milrinone have on the heart?
What therapeutic effect does milrinone have on the heart?
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In the context of potassium levels, what should be monitored in clients on milrinone?
In the context of potassium levels, what should be monitored in clients on milrinone?
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Which of the following best describes the administration route for milrinone?
Which of the following best describes the administration route for milrinone?
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What is the primary effect of digoxin on the heart?
What is the primary effect of digoxin on the heart?
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For which of the following conditions is digoxin primarily used?
For which of the following conditions is digoxin primarily used?
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What class of medication does digoxin belong to?
What class of medication does digoxin belong to?
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Which of the following statements about digoxin is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about digoxin is incorrect?
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What is one of the effects of digoxin on the heart's functionality?
What is one of the effects of digoxin on the heart's functionality?
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Study Notes
Diuretic Therapy
- A desired effect of diuretic therapy is increased urination (polyuria).
- The goal of anti-cholesterol drugs is to lower LDL levels.
Hyperlipidemia Teaching
- Lifestyle changes can help avoid medication for elevated cholesterol.
- Statin drugs are the most common medication for hyperlipidemia.
- Some patients may need to take statins for life.
Bumetanide
- A loop diuretic.
Heart Failure Dietary Recommendations
- Low sodium intake is crucial.
- Monitor fluid intake carefully.
Lidocaine Side Effects
- Central nervous system (CNS) toxicity, potentially including confusion and psychosis.
- Numbness and tingling are also possible side effects.
Fluid Overload
- This can lead to heart failure.
Aspirin and Apixaban
- The two medications should not be taken together.
Thrombolytic Medication (alteplase)
- Dissolves blood clots in central lines.
Monoclonal Antibody PCSK9 Inhibitors
- Block the production of LDL cholesterol.
Furosemide Dosage
- Should be administered slowly to prevent hearing loss,
- A loop diuretic drug.
Right Heart Failure
- (Right HF-)
Atorvastatin
- Inhibits HMG-CoA reduction.
- Side effects include severe muscle pain, weakness, and dark urine.
Lipid Panel
- Ordered before statin medications.
- Pregnancy category X; do not give to pregnant individuals.
Atorvastatin Considerations
- Recommended for hyperlipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease in those with hypertension, diabetes, or smoking history.
- Evaluate liver enzymes (AST/ALT) periodically.
Cholestyramine
- Reduces serum cholesterol and LDL.
- Should be administered 2 hours before or 4 hours after other medications.
- Taken with 60-80 mL of liquid.
Gemfibrozil Considerations
- Increases HDL and decreases VLDL in patients with high cholesterol.
- Can cause gallstones, RUQ abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal distress.
- Take with food to prevent heartburn.
Ezetimibe
- Lowers cholesterol.
- Possible side effect: Angioedema (swelling).
Alirocumab
- Binds to LDL receptors on the liver.
- Used for hypercholesterolemia
- Can cause flu-like symptoms
- Given subcutaneously (SubQ).
Rivaroxaban
- Oral medication.
- Antidote is andexanet alfa.
- Does not require INR monitoring.
- Eliminated from the body within 1-2 days of discontinuation.
Metoprolol
- Slows heart rate and lowers blood pressure.
- Abrupt discontinuation should be avoided.
Lisinopril
- Should not be doubled in case of missed doses
- Pregnancy is a concern taking this drug
- It is a long-term medication.
Propranolol
- Treats chest pain, anxiety, and high blood pressure.
- Important to inform patients not to drive before understanding how this drug will impact them.
Amiodarone
- Antiarrhythmic medicine.
- Half-life: up to 50 days.
- Contraception is crucial for patients taking it.
- Monitor potassium levels (serum potassium) .
Milrinone
- Increases myocardial contractility and cardiac output.
- Short-term therapy for advanced heart failure.
- Requires continuous ECG monitoring.
- Monitor potassium levels.
Digoxin
- Cardiac glycoside
- Used for heart failure and abnormal heart rhythm.
- Monitor apical pulse rate (heart rate) before administration. Do not administer if heart rate is below 60.
- Potential toxicity symptoms include: visual disturbances (yellow halos), anorexia, vomiting, and fatigue.
Verapamil
- Calcium channel blocker that treats dysrhythmias. Avoid grapefruit juice when taking this drug.
Heparin
- Anticoagulant
- Monitor aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time).
Warfarin
- Anticoagulant
- Monitor PT (prothrombin time) and INR (international normalized ratio).
- Avoid foods high in Vitamin K (e.g., broccoli)
Clopidogrel (antiplatelet)
- Before administration, assess the patient for bleeding or bruising.
Nitroglycerin
- Common side effect is headache.
- Heart rate and blood pressure monitoring is crucial before administering.
Carvedilol
- Heart rate and blood pressure are critical monitoring values.
Enalapril
- ACE inhibitor for hypertension and heart failure.
Enoxaparin
- Lower molecular weight heparin (LMWH).
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Description
This quiz covers essential aspects of diuretic therapy and hyperlipidemia management. Participants will learn about different medications, dietary recommendations, and the importance of lifestyle changes. Additionally, the quiz addresses potential side effects and interactions of commonly used drugs.
