Pharmacology Notes PDF

RANDOM\* A desired effect of diuretic therapy is polyuria. The goal of anti-cholesterol drugs is to lower LDL levels. Teaching for a client newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia should include: \- The most common medication for hyperlipidemia is a statin drug -You may be on this medication for th...

RANDOM\* A desired effect of diuretic therapy is polyuria. The goal of anti-cholesterol drugs is to lower LDL levels. Teaching for a client newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia should include: \- The most common medication for hyperlipidemia is a statin drug -You may be on this medication for the rest of your life Bumetanide is what type of medication? Loop diuretic Increased cardiac output can be achieved by decreasing afterload. Clients who are suffering from heart failure should be taught to follow the following dietary recommendations: Low sodium and monitor fluid intake. An adverse effect of IV lidocaine is CNS toxicity which may manifest as confusion and psychosis. Lidocaine : side effect numbness and tingling Fluid overload with IV crystalloid administration can lead to the development of heart failure. -beta- angergic blockers include arrythmias, thyroidism, PTSD, angina and heart -Aspirin should not be taken in combination with apixaban. -Alteplase is thrombolytic medication and can be used if there is a suspected clot obstruction in a central line.\* dissolves the clots in the central line\* - Monoclonal antibody PCSK9 inhibitors ( block the production on LDL cholesterol) - - Push Furosemide SLOW to avoid hearing loss - Furosemide is a loop diuretic - Right HF- - Atorvastin ( inhibits HMG-CoA reduction ) - Adverse effects of atorvastatin include severe muscle pain, weakness and dark colored urine. - Lipid panel should be ordered prior to the administration of statin medications. - They are pregnancy category X DO NOT GIVE - a client taking atorvastatin should be instructed on the need for periodic lipid test Lipid levels checked - Most common medication for elevated cholesterol - LABS: liver enzyme ( ALT & AST) - Atorvastatin is indicated for hyperlipidemia, but mat also be given to prevent cardiovascular disease in clients with hypertension, or diabetes, or those who smoke. - A/E , Rhabdomyosis, hepatotoxicity which should be evaluated by AST/ALT levels. - Before doing any client education, the nurse should first assess the client's ability to learn. - -cholestyramine- \- reduce serum cholesterol & LDL -2 hours before medication or 4 hours after medications \- give with 60-80ml of liquid Complications: gallstones , RUQ abdominal pain, GI distress \*educate on taking with food\* cause heartburn -Ezetimibe- -lowers cholesterol -can cause angioedema Alirocumab- - Binds to LDL receptors on the liver - Used for hypercholesterolemia - Can cause flu like symptoms - Given SubQ - -Rivaroxaban- -The route of admin for rivaroxaban is oral. -The antidote is andexanet alfa ( SATA) -- does not require INR monitoring -it has fewer drug to drug interactions -it gets out of the system within 1-2 days after stop taking it - beta blockers- - don't drive till you know how it effects you - - propranolol- (beta blocker ) -treats chest pain anxiety and high blood pressure Mask symptoms of hypoglycemia (educate new DM diagnosed patient ) - amiodarone- ( 3 antiarrhythmic) - A/E: bradycardia pulmonary toxicity ARDS hypotension blue gray skin - Atrial dysrhythmias - Used for atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias its half life is up to 50 days. - Amiodarone has a half-life up to 50 days. - A client taking amiodarone should be taught to use a reliable form of contraception. - \* answer potassium 3.1 ( this is the answer ) and potassium 3.6 - Monitor potassium - -milrinone- -increased myocardial contractility and increased cardiac output \- Milrinone is given by the intravenous route and is primarily used for short-term therapy of advanced heart failure -Used for Acute Heart failure exacerbation \- Clients being given mirinone should have continuous electrocardiogram monitoring (ECG). - digoxin- (cardiac Glucoside) - Increased contrations and force of heart which decreases heart rate - Used for heart failure and abnormal heart rhythm. - The nurse should evaluate apical pulse prior to administration of digoxin and hold the medication if the
HR & 60 bpm. - S/S of digoxin toxicity include visual disturbances ( yellow halos) , anorexia, vomiting and fatigue. - \* check apical pulse for 1 min! \ - Given by inj ( Abdomen subQ ) - Lower molecular heparin -